護理師在跨科精神心理衛生議題下的自我準備與專業發展

Self-Preparation and Professional Development of Nurses: Psychiatric Mental Health Care Issues

現今，民眾所呈現出來的精神心理健康問題與需求相當多元，疫情後個人與環境及其互動之結果更帶來複雜、累積性的風險，民眾的身心問題有賴早期發現與疾病辨識，以轉銜至完整的精神醫療評估與持續照護。護理的早期偵測與介入有助於心理症狀的發現與治療；然而，現行護理專業有多個分科，教育制度也少有提供跨科心理健康或精神照護議題之整合式訓練，跨領域持續性精神照護服務模式有待開發。因此，本文初探精神心理衛生護理服務之多元面向暨跨領域專業發展之新興議題，內容涵蓋跨領域護理師之角色任務、醫院精神心理照護功能與目的、學校護理專業之於青少年心理健康角色之反思、以及精神衛生護理之國內外新興發展。期待本文能促進國內護理界對精神心理照護議題之反思，凝聚跨領域護理之照護策略共識，進而彼此合作將護理導向更周全的照護品質、社會參與及專業創新等發展方向。

Today’s mental health care needs are diverse. After the COVID-19 pandemic, factors related to individuals, the environment, and their interactions represent complex and cumulative risks. Physical and mental health problems rely on early detection, trust building, care engagement, and disease identification to provide complete psychiatric assessment, management, and continuum of care for affected people. Thus, early detection and intervention in nursing is beneficial for the discovery and treatment of psychological symptoms. However, the nursing profession is divided into multiple specialties, and the current education system lacks integrated interdisciplinary psychiatric mental healthcare training. In this article, the multifaceted aspects of mental health care services and interdisciplinary nursing professional development in mental health are explored, covering the roles and tasks of interdisciplinary nurses, the function and purpose of psychological care in hospitals, reflections on the role of school nursing in adolescent mental health issues, and novel developments in domestic and international psychiatric mental health care. It is hoped that this article can promote reflections on psychological health issues for nurses and help promote cross-disciplinary consensus on nursing strategies to facilitate cooperation among multidisciplinary nurses to promote more comprehensive quality of care, social participation, and professional innovation.