地區醫院專科護理師職業倦怠、工作滿意度與離職意向探討

The Relationship between Occupational Burnout, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention of Nurse Practitioners in the District Hospitals

本研究之目的在瞭解臺灣南部地區醫院專科護理師人口學特質、職業倦怠、工作滿意度與離職意向現況，並進一步探討其關聯性，最後分析影響離職意向因素。採橫斷式研究設計，立意性取樣，總計完成40份有效問卷調查，研究工具包含哥本哈根疲勞量表、短式明尼蘇達滿意度量表及離職意向量表。研究結果在差異分析結果中，年齡在「服務對象疲勞」和「整體職業倦怠」有顯著差異（p < .05），二者皆是滿45歲未滿55歲高於滿25歲未滿35歲；男性「外在工作滿意度」高於女性，輪班者「外在工作滿意度」高於固定班者。在量表及其構面分析結果中，「整體職業倦怠」介於不常感到疲勞到有時感到疲勞之間（1.72±0.61分）；「整體工作滿意度」介於不滿意到滿意之間（2.99±0.40分）；「離職意向」介於不常有離職念頭到有時有離職念頭之間（1.38±0.95分）；影響「離職意向」的因素為「工作疲勞」及「外在工作滿意度」。本研究結論為職業倦怠受到年齡影響，隨著年齡增長影響程度愈高；工作滿意度主要是受到外在工作滿意度所影響，離職意向則是受職業倦怠所影響。

The objective of this study was to understand the demographic characteristics, burnout, job satisfaction and intention to leave of nurse practitioners in district hospitals in southern Taiwan, and to further explore their correlations, and finally to analyze the factors affecting intention to leave. A total of 40 questionnaires were completed using a cross-sectional study design, purposive sampling, and the research tools included the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, the Short Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the Intention to Leave Scale. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference in age between "service fatigue" and "overall burnout" (p < .05); both of which the scores for the 45-55 years old subjects were higher than the 25-35 years old subjects. Male outward job satisfaction is higher than that of women, and shifters are more satisfied with external work than those in regular shifts.“Overall burnout”ranged from infrequently to sometimes fatigued (1.72±0.61 points);“Overall job satisfaction”ranged from dissatisfaction to satisfaction (2.99±0.40 points);“Intention to leave”was between infrequent thoughts of leaving and sometimes of resignation (1.38±0.95 points). The factors affecting "intention to leave" are "work fatigue" and "external job satisfaction". This study concludes that burnout is affected by age, and the degree of influence becomes higher with age; Job satisfaction is mainly affected by external job satisfaction, and the intention to leave is affected by burnout.