共享控制及其對聽者語言教學之實務初探

Joint Control and Its Application to Teach Listener Skills

共享控制的概念是指人類的某種反應，是受控於兩種不同的基礎語言操作共同運作所產生的刺激控制現象。依據其概念定義，本文先參酌 Skinner 的語言行為介紹聽者與說者之意涵，並簡要說明基礎語言操作的意涵，及介紹兩種與共享控制有關的基礎語言操作。接著則說明共享控制的意涵及重要元素，並探究其在聽者命名的中介運作歷程。後續則介紹共享控制的實證研究及實務運用，特別對聽者命名或複雜排序方面有學習困難的學生，共享控制則提供一新的教學模式；本文末亦將說明特殊生接受共享控制訓練之教學程序及其用於聽者命名之成效，以茲提供實務工作者參酌運用。

Joint control means a verbal-operant topography, currently evoked by two jointly operant verbal stimulus. Based on this definition, this paper first introduces Skinner’s verbal behavior, in terms of listener and speaker, and the elementary verbal operant. This is followed by the definition of joint control and a discussion of its important elements. The evidence-based research in joint control will also be briefly introduced. For those students who encounter difficulties in discrimination among objects/pictures, joint control provides a new training model. The last paragraph presents the training procedure on establishing joint control for students with special needs and the effect of joint control this training on the listener’s labeling.