公職人員選舉候選人消極資格之查證與認定

Verification and Verification of the Negative Qualifications of Candidates for the Election of Public Officials

行使國民主權的方式之一為行使被選舉權，然為使選舉制度能夠合理有效運作，國家對於被選舉權，設有法律上之資格限制，可以區分為積極資格以及消極資格。所謂的積極資格係指必須具備的一定資格條件，而所謂的消極資格則係指一定不能有的限制條件。實務上常常發生公職人員候選人於完成繳交登記資料後，在各級選舉委員會進入實質資格審查程序中，才發現當事人有構成公職人員選舉罷免法第26條第1項各款消極資格事由，不能登記為候選人。本文有感於此，針對現行公職人員選舉候選人消極資格之查證與認定的實務作業以及司法實務判決檢討，並建議可以酌予調整修正規範。

One of the ways to exercise national sovereignty is to exercise the right to stand for election. However, in order for the electoral system to operate reasonably and effectively, the state has legal qualification restrictions on the right to be elected, which can be divided into positive qualifications and negative qualifications. The positive qualifications refer to certain qualifications that must be met, while the negative qualifications refer to the limitations that must not be present. In actual case, it often happens that after completing the submission of registration materials, the election committees at all levels enter the substantive qualification review process, only to find that the people has constituted the negative qualifications of Article 26, Item 1 of the Law on the Election and Recall of Public Officials. Cannot be registered as a candidate. That's why the article aims at the current practice of verification and identification of negative qualifications of candidates for public office elections and the review of judicial practice judgments, and suggests that the norms may be adjusted and amended as appropriate.