主義知識的旅行：「小冊子」與五四前後四川的無政府主義

The Travelling of the Knowledge about“-ism”Pamphlet and Anarchism in Sichuan around the May Fourth Movement

五四以後，隨著新知識的傳入，四川的新思潮迅速形成，「主義」也來到了人們的生活世界。無政府主義在這一時期的四川特別具有影響力，其傳播離不開眾多「小冊子」。經由閱讀，許多四川新青年在五四前後成為了無政府主義者。無政府主義不僅刺激著青年們的思想世界，也推動他們進行實踐。值得注意的是，五四前後四川流行的無政府主義，與無政府主義之本義存在區別，許多追隨者對這一思潮的認識也處於朦朧的狀態，但這並不影響這些主義青年熱心於辦社、宣傳，進而成為無政府主義的傳播者。在信從者的努力之下，主義知識不斷流動，四川無政府主義的網路逐漸形成。無政府主義在五四前後四川的傳播史，展現的正是新文化「地方化」的過程。

New thoughts began to take shape in Sichuan as new forms of knowledge were introduced after the May Fourth Movement, and“-ism”became embedded in the everyday life of locals. The popularity of anarchism in Sichuan owed in no small part to the“pamphlets”(xiao cezi). New youths in Sichuan became anarchists through the process of reading. For them, anarchism not only challenged their intellectual underpinnings but also stimulated their action. It is worth noting that the anarchism as was popularized in Sichuan after the May Fourth Movement is different from the anarchism as a political philosophy doctrine. Many of the Sichuan“anarchists”. were not well-versed in anarchist thoughts. However, that inarticulacy did not prevent them from founding societies and mobilizing resources to disseminate anarchism. With their efforts, the knowledge of“-ism”traveled throughout Sichuan and eventually formed a network for the communication of anarchist thoughts. The history of the dissemination of anarchist knowledge in Sichuan after the May Fourth Movement is a process of the“localization”of the new culture.