修護用月桃葉鞘纖維手工紙添加奈米纖維素之特性研究

Properties of Handmade Paper for Repair Purposes With Nanocellulose Additives Obtained From Alpinia Zerumbet Leaf Sheath Fibers

本研究以月桃（Alpinia zerumbet）之葉鞘纖維─臺灣原生多年生草本薑科（Zingiberaceae）植物纖維，添加奈米纖維素研製修護用手抄紙之研究。試驗以TEMPO鹼性氧化法製備月桃紙漿奈米纖維素，透過傅立葉轉換紅外光譜分析、羧酸鈉含量測定、穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察，藉以確認奈米纖維素奈米化程度。隨月桃手抄紙添加奈米纖維素後，手工紙樣及粗糙面之平滑度皆有提升。在添加量為1%時，撕裂強度最佳。當奈米纖維素添加超過3%時，會使紙張之吸水度劇烈下降，此將會影響裱褙時漿糊之分散，故推知奈米纖維素不宜超過此添加量。添加月桃奈米纖維素提升試驗手抄紙之紙力，優於雁皮奈米纖維素添加者。與市售裱宣相較發現，研究之月桃手抄紙之抗張、耐折及濕潤抗張強度，皆優於市售宣紙，當奈米纖維素添加量為1%時，抗張及耐折強度即有顯著提升。另由加速劣化試驗結果可知，手抄紙之顏色變化與白度劣化程度，皆與市售裱宣相近。綜合本研究結果得知，添加奈米纖維素可改善月桃手抄紙的性質，顯示添加月桃奈米纖維素之月桃手工紙，具有潛力成為兼具有臺灣在地植物特色，與優良紙力性質的修護用紙，提供紙質文物維護裱修人員之另一種選擇。

The leaf sheath fiber of Alpinia zerumbet, a native perennial herb in the Zingiberaceae family in Taiwan, was used to obtain a nanocellulose additive that could be used in the manufacture of handmade paper for repair purposes. In the experiment, TEMPO-mediated basic oxidation was used to prepare nanocellulose from A. zerumbet. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, sodium carboxylic acid content determination, and transmission electron microscopy were used to verify the nanonization of the nanocellulose. After A. zerumbet nanocellulose was add to the paper pulp, the paper’s surface became smoother. The strongest tearing strength was achieved when 1% nanocellulose was added. In addition, the water absorption of the paper drastically decreased when more than 3% nanocellulose was added, and this lower water absorption affected the dispersion of the adhesive during mounting. Therefore, the amount of added nanocellulose should not exceed 3%. The strength of the handmade paper made with the A. zerumbet nanocellulose additive was superior to that of paper made with a Wikstroemia sikokiana nanocellulose additive. In addition, the tearing strength, folding endurance, and wet tearing strength of the paper with the A. zerumbet additive were discovered to be superior to those of commercially available shuan paper. The tearing strength and the folding endurance of the paper made with an A. zerumbet additive improved considerably when 1% nanocellulose was added. The results of an accelerated weathering test revealed that the changes in the whiteness and weathering of the developed paper were similar to those of commercially available shuan paper. In conclusion, the results of this study revealed that adding A. zerumbet nanocellulose could enhance the properties of handmade paper. Therefore, handmade paper with A. zerumbet nanocellulose additives has potential as a paper that can be used for repair purposes that has local Taiwanese plant characteristics and excellent paper strength. Such paper may be used in the maintenance and repair of paper artifacts.