虛擬實境健身運動對認知功能之影響：系統性回顧

Systematic review of the effect of virtual reality exercise on cognitive functions across the lifespan

在冠狀病毒病的蔓延下，全世界人類在生活空間上已有所侷限，甚至在參與健身運動上亦受到許多挑戰，故在後疫情時代發展不同健身運動型態有其必要。其中，虛擬實境(virtual reality, VR)不僅在科技面向受到重視，近期亦得到學術社群之關注。目前，研究已指出健身運動對認知功能之正面影響，然基於VR健身運動是否對認知功能有類似或額外效益尚不清楚。因此，本文目的是藉由系統性回顧的方式，檢視虛擬實境健身運動對認知功能之影響，以及針對收錄文章在虛擬實境健身運動的虛擬實境類型進行整理與討論。收錄文章截至2021年8月並於PubMed及Scopus進行搜尋。納入文章僅限於實證性研究，用於檢驗虛擬實境健身運動在認知功能指標上之影響。此外，文章僅收錄同儕審查的英文學術文章。經回顧後發現，過去已有8篇文章針對此議題進行探討，而多數研究發現虛擬實境健身運動對認知功能有正面效益。其中，有4篇文章顯示，與傳統健身運動或控制組相比，虛擬實境健身運動對不同面向認知功能（一般認知功能、抑制控制、工作記憶及注意力）有正面額外效益。綜上述，本系統性回顧提供了初步證據，結果發現虛擬實境健身運動可作為改善認知功能之有效策略，然未來仍需更多的研究針對健身運動劑量、虛擬實境類型以及沈浸程度作進一步探究，以釐清虛擬實境健身運動與認知功能兩者之關聯。

The spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) gives rise to all the world's living spaces being restricted, which leads to participating in exercise has faced challenges. Therefore, establishing exercise types to cope with is needed in the post-pandemic era. Among them, virtual reality (VR) has not only earned attention in the field of technology, but also achieve attention from the academic community in recent years. While positive effects of exercise on cognitive functions have been well established, it is unclear whether VR-based exercise has similar or additional beneficial effects on cognitive functions. Accordingly, this systematic review aimed to investigate the effect of VR-based exercise on cognitive functions and to organize and discuss the types of virtual reality as the reference for future development trend of software and hardware. Two databases (PubMed, Scopus) up to August 2021, were searched. The eligible studies were limited to empirical research for examining the effects of VR-based exercise on cognitions, published in peer-reviewed academic journals, and written in English. Eight studies were included in the current review, and the majority of studies showed a positive benefit of VR-based exercises on cognitive function. Of included studies, four studies show the additional positive effects of VR-based exercise on multiple cognitive functions (general cognitive function, inhibition, working memory, and attention) compared with traditional exercise or passive control. In conclusion, this systematic review provided preliminary evidence showing that VR-based exercise might be an effective strategy to improve cognitive functions. However, more studies are still needed to focus on the dose of exercise, virtual reality types and immersion degree for investigating the relationship between VR-based exercise and cognitive functions.