原鄉部落動態能力之分析：對部落治理的意涵

Analyzing the Dynamic Capacity of Indigenous Tribes: Implications for Tribal Governance

原鄉部落如何發掘原住民族自身能力，以建構並強化其邁向自立、自尊與自主的潛能，是部落治理的重要議題。本研究旨在探討原鄉部落的動態能力，據以提出促進原鄉部落良善治理的相關建議。本研究以質性研究方法進行，邀請27 位具有原住民身分，且熟悉社區發展相關事務之各領域的專家學者、實務工作者及公部門代表進行個別深入訪談或焦點團體。研究結果顯示，原鄉部落內部的動態能力呈現多元樣貌，且與其所處的外部環境產生交互作用，而影響到部落的治理。本研究依據分析結果進行討論後，提出六項對原鄉部落良善治理的相關建議，包括：（1）參與者vs.旁觀者：導入「充權」策略，激發年輕族人的公共參與；（2）自立自主vs.慣性依賴：建立「責信」機制，奠定部落良善治理的根基；（3）成就地位vs.先賦地位：培育「能力為本」的領導者，引領部落開創新局；（4）協力夥伴vs.本位主義：建立公開透明的溝通平台，實踐審議式民主；（5）勇於變革vs.故步自封：營造友善開放的環境，帶動部落向上提升；（6）多元融合vs.偏見歧視：培育「文化才能」工作者，促進族群共存共融。

Building the capabilities of the indigenous tribe is the foundation of tribes’ self-reliance and tribal self-reliance is an important issue in tribal governance. This study aims to explore the dynamic capacity of indigenous tribes, and then propose relevant suggestions for promoting good governance for indigenous tribes. This study was conducted via a qualitative research method, with individual in-depth interviews or focus groups of 27 indigenous people, including scholars, tribal practitioners and public sector representatives of community development-related affairs. The results of the study show that the dynamic capacities of the indigenous tribes have multiple modes, and that they interact with the external environment in which they are located, thus affecting tribal governance. After the discussions, and based on the analyses, this study puts forward 6 relevant suggestions for the good governance of indigenous tribes, including: (1) participant vs. bystander - introducing the “empowerment” strategy to stimulate the public participation of young people; (2) inertia dependence vs. self-reliance - establishing the “accountability” mechanism to lay the foundation for the good governance of the tribe; (3) achieved status vs. inherited status – cultivating “competency-based” leaders to lead the tribe to create new opportunities; (4) collaborative partner vs. selfish departmentalism – establishing an open and transparent communication platform to practice deliberative democracy; (5) courage to change vs. clinging to self-styled – creating a friendly and open environment to enhance tribes upward mobility; and diversity vs. prejudice: fostering “cultural competence-based” workers to promote the coexistence and co-prosperity of ethnic groups.