網盤平臺創新服務的著作權保護──從平臺責任到合規治理

隨著以秒傳、離線下載、分享、在線播放等為代表的新型網盤服務的發展，著作權人對網盤平臺服務器上作品的控制力進一步下降，網絡著作權侵權風險更加突出。但是，在現行著作權法框架下，網盤平臺的著作權法律責任適用存在顯著困難:一方面網盤平臺很難因現有的服務創新而承擔直接侵權責任;另一方面，網盤平臺在收到合格通知後，只能采取在權利人看來仍很有限的處置措施。考慮到相關著作權法律制度適用後並不能約束新增的侵權風險，可行的解決方案是結合當前對於“守門人”和合規治理的理論制度探索，聚焦風險和糾紛集中的大型網盤平臺，構建讓其主動承擔社會責任的機制。綜合考慮合規治理的特性、實施可能性、約束性和動力機制，不同大型網盤平臺可以按照自主與靈活、能力與成本、合法與合作、問責與激勵原則，自行或在著作權監管部門的指導下審慎設計具體方案。

With the innovative development of web disk services such as second transmission, offline download, sharing, online play and so on, the control of copyright owners over their works on the web disk platform servers is further reduced, and the risks of copyright infringement on the Internet become ever more pronounced. However, by analyzing the technical and legal logic of these web disk services, we could find that there are significant difficulties in the application of copyright liabilities of web disk platforms under the framework of the current copyright law. On the one hand, they do not bear direct tort liability for service innovation; on the other hand, after receiving the notice of eligibility, disposal measures taken are still limited in the view of the copyright owners. Since the relevant copyright law application system does not contain the new infringement risks, the better solution is, combining the current theoretical and institutional exploration of ''gatekeeper'' and compliance governance, to focus on the large platform with concentrated copyright infringement risks and disputes and to build a mechanism to actively take their social responsibilities. Considering the characteristics, implementation possibilities, constraints and dynamic mechanisms of compliance governance comprehensively, different large web disk platforms can prudently design specific schemes by themselves or under the guidance of copyright regulatory authorities in accordance with the principles of autonomy and flexibility, capability and cost, legality and cooperation as well as accountability and incentive.