廿世紀初《劉香演義寶卷》在越南南部的創作與傳播過程研究

Baojuan of Liu Xiang in Vietnam: An Adaptation and Transmission Process in Early-20th-century Southern Vietnam

《劉香演義寶卷》是六八詩體的喃傳故事，改寫自中國《劉香女寶卷》，並在20 世紀初越南南部得到廣泛流傳。本文以1908 年喃字刻本為基礎文獻，對《劉香演義寶卷》進行考察。筆者結合版本考證與比較文學的研究方法，找出兩者之間的異同。 對比的結果顯示，此越南喃字文本與在廣州和常州刊刻的《劉香女寶卷》（1875-1903）有著密切的關係。兩者之間的差異性體現喃文改寫本作者的有意為之，或是引導而能找出底本。從《劉香演義寶卷》的一種喃字文本與五種國語字文本進行比對考論出發，本文論證了20 世紀初《劉香演義寶卷》在越南南部出現與傳播的多樣性, 由此呈現出19 世紀末到20 世紀初《劉香女寶卷》及各種中國佛教話本在越南南部創作與傳播過程。

Lưu Hương diễn nghĩa bảo quyển is a Nom script, adapted from the Chinese precious scroll Liu Xiang nu baojuan, written in ‘Luc-bat’ verse form, and widely transmitted in the early 20th century in Southern Vietnam. Based on the 1908 woodblock version, this paper aims to investigate Lưu Hương diễn nghĩa bảo quyển by applying comparative literature and textual studies methods to illustrate the similarities and differences between Lưu Hương diễn nghĩa bảo quyển and typical Liu Xiang nu baojuan texts in China. The result indicates that the Nom script is closely related to the versions of Liu Xiang nu baojuan that were published in Guangzhou and Changzhou in the period between 1875 and 1903. The variations among them could be the result of changes made by the Nom script’s author. Otherwise, they can be considered clues to find out the exact original text of Lưu Hương diễn nghĩa bảo quyển. Furthermore, by examining 1 Nom script and 5 Vietnamese Romanized (Quốc-ngữ) versions of Lưu Hương diễn nghĩa bảo quyển, the paper confirms the diverse ways of transmitting Liu Xiang baojuan in the early 20th century in Vietnam. Thence, the adaptation and transmission of Lưu Hương diễn nghĩa bảo quyển in Southern Vietnam represent the two-side process of adapting and transmitting precious scrolls, as well as Chinese Buddhism stories from the late 19th century to the early 20th century in Vietnam.