安岡正篤的東洋倫理學與日本精神之間

Between the Oriental Ethics of Masahiro Yasuoka and the Japanese Spirit

本文目的是考察具有「昭和教主」之稱的安岡正篤，分析他思想中的「日本精神」與「東洋倫理」之間的關係。本文認為安岡的「日本精神論」往往放到「東洋倫理」這個更大格局的範圍內去討論，故必先釐清安岡的「東洋倫理」之內涵與「日本精神」之關係。因此，本文從「人格倫理」、「政治倫理」及「實踐倫理」等三個視角掌握安岡的東洋倫理學之特色。本文也討論安岡一方面凸顯整體的「東洋學」，但在論述上都仍以個體論的「日本精神」為東洋學最優、最勝的代表者，這讓安岡的「東洋倫理」仍然成為一種日本中心主義，以此看出安岡的東洋倫理存在的侷限及其問題。

This essay aims to study Masahiro Yasuoka, who is also known as the “master of Showa,” and analyze the correlation between the Japanese spirit and his ideology of ethics in Oriental studies. As Yasuoka’s theory of the Japanese spirit tends to be discussed from a larger scope of Oriental ethics, this article argues that it is necessary first to clarify the distinctions between Masahiro Yasuoka’s notion of Japanese ethics and his Oriental ethics. Therefore, this study elucidates the characteristics of Yasuoka’s Oriental ethics based on three perspectives: “personality ethics,” “political ethics,” and “practical ethics.” In addition, the article suggests that while Masahiro Yasuoka emphasizes a holistic approach to Oriental studies, his argumentation, however, contends that the Japanese spirit, which follows the stance of individualism, is the pinnacle for all Oriental studies. In other words, the Japanese spirit, for Yasuoka, not only represents a part of the ethics in Oriental studies, but also epitomizes the core of such discourse. Thus, Masahiro Yasuoka’s approach to Oriental ethics is obstinately Japan-centered, which prescribes its limitations and problems.