發展視覺障礙者之生活風險行為地圖與其需求調查

Construction of a life risk behavior map for the visually impaired people

視覺障礙者僅能以非視覺通道進行資訊處理的情況下，無障礙輔助產品的適切性與易用性顯得尤為重要。然而，現今研究仍缺乏以視障者為核心探討智慧輔助無障礙設計之相關研究。因此，本研究透過訪談所得結果進行行為模態分析與視障者核心需求探討，將視障者核心需求統整為六大類別，分別為定向問題、聽覺感知、視覺感知、觸覺感知、時序感知以及輔具需求。結果表明，定向感知是視障者在生活場域所面臨的主要挑戰。
再者，本研究將視覺障礙者風險行為項目進行專家評估與集群分析，作為建構居家及公共場域風險行為地圖的基礎，幫助剖析視障者在各場域下的無障礙行為特徵及危險行為項目。居家風險行為地圖顯示煮飯時準確調整瓦斯爐火候大小以及使用刀具切割食物水果在居家場域當中是最重要的；而公共場域風險行為地圖指出公共場域中在外出的路上使用白手杖是最重要的。此外，亦透過智慧生活無障礙產品設計指引的建立，以了解視障者無障礙科技輔具介面使用性的項目指標，並作為後續相關輔助科技產品設計應用之奠基。未來將透過分析所得結果執行在智慧科技與輔具產品當中，符合更多使用者的需求，以建立對視覺障礙者更為友善的生活環境。

When the visually impaired can only process information through non-visual channels, the suitability and the usability of Accessibility assist product are particularly important. However, there is still a lack of research on intelligence assisted accessible design focusing on visually impaired. Therefore, this study analyzes the core needs and behavioral modal of the visually impaired through the results of the interviews. In this study, the core needs of the visually impaired are summarized into six categories, including orientation problem, hearing sensation, visual perception, haptic perception, timing-aware and assistive device. The results show that orientation perception is the main challenge faced by the visually impaired in the field of life.
Furthermore, this research analyzes risk behavior items with expert assessment and cluster analysis, as the basis for constructing home and public risk behavior maps, which can help analyzing the accessible behavior characteristics and risky behavior items of the visually impaired in various fields. The home risk behavior map shows that accurately adjusting gas stove when cooking and using knives to cut food and fruits are the most important in the home field, while the risk behavior map of public area points out that using blind cane on the way out in a public field is the most important. In addition, through the establishment of intelligence life accessible product design guidelines, we can understand the item indicators of the interface usability of accessible technology for the visually impaired and serve as the foundation for the subsequent design and application of related assistive technology products. In the future, the analysis results will be implemented in intelligence technology and assistive products to meet the needs of more users and create a friendly living environment for the visually impaired.