兒童繪本設計意象之研究──以「凱迪克獎」繪本封面為例

A Study of Children's Picture Book Design Imagery -Taking the Caldecott Medal Picture-Book-Covers as an Example

本研究的目的是通過對兒童繪本封面的分析，歸納出兒童繪本的設計意象，作為兒童繪本創作者設計上的參考，促進其創作的發展。研究方法採用KJ法進行研究，以繪本在亞洲興起的20世紀60年代作為時間點，從國際著名繪本獎項「凱迪克獎」繪本中篩選出1960—2022年間獲得金獎的63本繪本封面作為研究樣本，研究樣本圖片從豆瓣讀書網摘取。KJ法操作於2022年3月16日15：40至23:00，研究小組由10位應用美術系研究生組成，主題以兒童繪本設計意象之研究—以「凱迪克獎」繪本封面為例，進行兒童繪本設計之議題探討。結果得出文明發展、設計風格、物品、設計理論、人物角色、動物角色、行為、環境設定八大因子，衍生出42小項之間的相互關係。結論發現，繪本是結合了文字與圖像的藝術載體，創作者將把腦海中的抽象的意給予具象化，透過繪本因子構成呈現出來，通過直觀的具像形象傳遞繪本意象，兒童可從繪本內容中獲得熟悉的、陌生的、憂傷的、溫暖的等意象體驗。兒童繪本主題、背景具有文化多元性，題材廣泛，可以開闊兒童的眼界，在探索中發散思維，起到寓教於樂的效果。構圖方面常常採用俯視、仰視、平視、等視角的構圖來吸引兒童的目光，讓平面的故事更立體，更好的讓兒童進入故事裏。合理的色彩搭配可以把主角看不見的情緒可視化，渲染氣氛，加強畫面的節奏感。動物角色主要採用擬人化的手法，營造帶入感，拉近繪本故事與兒童的距離。

The purpose of this study is to summarize the design imagery of children's picture books through the analysis of their covers, which can serve as a reference for the design of children's picture book creators and promote their creative development. The KJ method was used to conduct the study. 63 picture book covers that won the gold medal from 1960 to 2022 were selected from the internationally renowned picture book award ''The Caldecott Medal'' as the study samples, and the sample pictures were taken from Douban Books Website. The study was conducted on March 16, 2022, from 15:40 to 23:00 p.m. The research team consisted of 10 graduate students from the Department of Applied Arts. The theme is the study of children's picture book design imagery - using the The Caldecott Medal picture book covers as an example to explore the issues of children's picture book design. The results showed that the eight factors of civilization development, design style, objects, design theory, characters, animal characters, behavior, and environmental setting were derived from the interrelationship of 42 items. The conclusion shows that picture books are artistic carriers of words and images in which the authors reify their ideas in their minds, through the composition of the picture books, conveying the picture book imagery through intuitive figurative images, and children can get familiar, unfamiliar, sad, warm and other imagery experiences from the picture book content. It was found that the themes and backgrounds of children's picture books are culturally diverse and have a wide range of topics, which can broaden children's horizons and spread their minds in exploration, and play an entertaining and educational effect. The composition often uses overhead, elevation, flat, and equal-angle composition to attract children's attention, making the flat story more three-dimensional, and better allowing children to immerse themselves in the stories. Reasonable color matching can visualize the invisible emotions of the protagonist, rendering the atmosphere and enhancing the sense of rhythm of the pictures. Animal characters mainly use anthropomorphic techniques, creating a sense of immersion and bringing the picture book story closer to children.