公共政策作為一種「設計」：從政策設計到設計思維

Public Policy as a Sort of “Design”: From Policy Design to Design Thinking

政策設計為國內甚少受到關注的公共政策學術議題。但隨著近年設計思維在公共政策應用的興起，這另類的政策與設計之相遇，使設計途徑的公共政策再次受到注目。惟這途徑內存在不少分歧取向，而設計思維又與傳統政策設計有不同的學術淵源，容易造成混淆誤解。本文嘗試透過學術文獻整理回顧為這混濁不明的政策設計領域作出澄清，同時與正在公部門崛起的設計思維接軌，為各種以設計途徑處理公共問題的學術族群建立有意義的知識體系分類，並進行比較，說明設計思維相對於傳統政策設計之差異，分析兩者對公共政策管理之貢獻與面臨的挑戰，特別在政策制定的觀念革新與人才培育之調整。

Policy design has not drawn much scholarly attention in the field of public policy in Taiwan. However, alongside the rise of the application of design thinking to public policy, this alternative encounter between policy and design places the design approach to public policy under the spotlight again. It should be noted that there exist many divergent orientations in this approach, and the academic root of design thinking is different from that of traditional policy design. This has led to much confusion and misunderstanding. This paper conducts a comprehensive review of the extant literature to make sense of this confusing field of policy design; at the same time, it attempts to bridge emerging public-sector design thinking with policy design. The author has created meaningful typologies for this community of design approach to address public problems, and compare and contrast different orientations in this approach, especially design thinking in contrast to traditional policy design, and to assess their contributions to public policy management and challenges they may encounter, such as renovation of policymaking approach and adjustment of talent management.