論協商性司法與未决羈押的限制適用

On Application of Consultative Justice and Limits of Pending Detention

協商性司法與未决羈押適用之間存在雙向影響關係：協商性司法客觀上有利於减少未决羈押的適用，尤其是縮短羈押的期限；未决羈押的適用可能加劇協商的不平等，甚至淪為壓迫式協商的工具。在未决羈押正當適用方面確立的一系列程序保障措施，有助於縮减、控制未决羈押對協商自願性的負面影響。我國認罪認罰從寬制度運行背景下的未决羈押適用並未呈現出完全理想的狀態：一方面，認罪認罰從寬制度在限制未决羈押適用方面的正向影響作用並未充分發揮；另一方面，未决羈押影響認罪認罰自願性的可能性難以排除。就今後完善的方向而言，應當在未决羈押制度獨立設置的基礎上，確立“羈押是例外，非羈押是原則”的基本理念，充分發揮認罪認罰從寬這種新興司法模式在减少未决羈押適用方面的積極作用，並預防、抑制未决羈押的適用可能對認罪認罰自願性造成的負面影響。

There is a bidirectional relationship between consultative justice and the application of pending detention: consultative justice is objectively conducive to reducing the application of pending detention, especially shortening the period of detention; the application of pending detention may aggravate the inequality of consultation and even become a tool of oppressive consultation. A series of procedural safeguards established in the due application of pending detention will help to reduce and control the negative impact of pending detention on negotiation voluntariness. The application of pending detention in the context of the operation of the leniency system in China does not present a completely ideal state: on the one hand, the positive impact of the leniency system in restricting the application of pending detention has not been brought into full play; on the other hand, it is difficult to rule out the possibility that pending detention affects the voluntariness of negotiation. In terms of the improvement in the future, on the basis of the independent establishment of the pending detention system, we should establish the basic concept of ''detention is the exception and non- detention is the principle'', give full play to the positive role of the e~ merging judicial model of leniency in reducing the application of pending detention, and try our best to prevent the negative impact of pending detention on the voluntariness of leniency.