在線民事訴訟的法律規制──基本框架與思路

Legal Regulation of Online Civil Litigation

本次民事訴訟法修訂以提升訴訟效率為目標，首次就在線訴訟進行規定。“等效原則”和“同意規則”為在線訴訟的進一步發展奠定基礎。雖然以當事人同意作為適用前提有助於防止或减少因為不滿在線訴訟結果所發生的程序爭議，但完全以“等效原則”作為在線民事訴訟規定依然存在諸多不足。線下的訴訟行為在內容上不能涵括線上訴訟行為，制定專門的《在線民事訴訟特別程序法》具有現實意義。統一訴訟平台、特有原則、線上線下轉換、在線立案和審前準備、在線庭審規則等將成為今後的主要關注點。

The latest amendment to Civil Procedure Law aims to improve the efficiency of litigation, ruling online litigation for the first time. The equivalence principle and the consent rule lay the foundation for the further development of online litigation. Although taking the consent of the parties as a prerequisite for the application of online litigation can help prevent or reduce procedural disputes arising from dissatisfaction with the outcome, there are still many shortcomings if we thoroughly follow the equivalence principle. The content of offline litigation actions can not completely cover that of online litigation actions, so it is practical to enact a special law in online civil litigation. The unified litigation platform, unique principles, conversion between online and offline, online filing and pretrial preparation, and online trial rules will become the main focuses in the future.