南韓與拉丁美洲經貿關係的特徵與挑戰

Characteristics and Challenges of the Economic Relations between Korea and Latin America

自1990年代起至廿一世紀，韓國與拉丁美洲的經貿關係即不斷的強化與深化。由於雙方在產業上互補性高，此一雙邊關係是以產業間貿易為特色，然而在亞太國家中韓國對拉美地區的出口在其整體出口所佔的比例卻是最大。更有進者，由於拉美國家經濟持續成長與消費、基礎建設與零件的需求升高，再加上韓國與拉美國家所簽訂的自由貿易協定以及韓國對拉美地區的直接投資與經濟援助等動力的驅動，進入廿一世紀以來韓國與拉美的貿易快速增長，這些新面向也因而形成兩者關係的新模型。儘管如此，在拉美地區存在著三種不同的發展策略，所以韓國有必要對此一地區發展出比較更複雜些的政策。未來韓國與拉美的經貿關係有賴彼此對對方利益的深入瞭解，即認知到彼此有不同的發展經驗。

South Korea (Korea, hereafter) and Latin American countries have taken sometimes similar, and at other times different development paths since the mid-20th century. In the meantime their economic relationship has accelerated since the 1990s and deepened in the 21st century. While this relationship is still characterized by 'inter-industrial trade' because of their complementary industrial structures, Korea has the largest share of its exports to the region out of its total exports, among the countries of the Asia-Pacific. Yet the level of intra-industrial trade between Korea and Latin American and Caribbean (LAC, here after) has deepened relatively, as compared with other Asian economies' relations with the region.