護衛澳洲：艾伯特的反恐政策

Safeguarding Australia: Counter-terrorism policy under Tony Abbott

不同於美國、英國、法國與印度等其他自由民主國家，澳洲幸運的是迄今並未有大規模的恐怖主義攻擊出現。在2011年九一一紐約世貿中心恐怖攻擊事件發生後，澳洲連續參與阿富汗、伊拉克以及最近的在伊拉克與敘利亞的與伊斯蘭國（ISIS）的反恐戰爭，因而使澳洲成為恐怖組織亟欲攻擊的主要目標之一。過去十年來，許多的澳洲人民與安全武力在海外一直被恐怖組織設定為攻擊對象，但最近半年來澳洲本土遭受恐怖攻擊的危險也開始升高。不斷增加的恐怖攻擊的威脅已在聯邦政府、州政府與領地各層次引發政策激盪，導致不少修改澳洲反恐法的檢討以因應快速變遷的恐怖主義的特質。本文首先將會簡短地介紹澳洲的反恐史，然後討論過去十年裡澳洲檢視其反恐政策所做的修改內涵。

Fortunately, Australia has escaped mega terrorists attack thus far unlike other liberal democracies, including the United States, United Kingdom, France and India, but been a victim of terrorism, nonetheless. Following the September 11 attacks in the US, Australia's subsequent involvement in the war on terror in Afghanistan, Iraq and recently against the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), has made it a prime target of terrorist groups. In the last decade, Australian citizens and security forces have been targeted mostly overseas, but in the past six months, dangers have begun to emerge from within Australia. Increased terrorist threats have triggered policy churning at the Commonwealth, States and Territories levels prompting a number of reviews for amending Australia's counter-terrorism (CT) laws to cope with the rapidly transforming nature of terrorism.