暴露六價鉻電鍍業作業勞工之氧化傷害指標評估研究

Study on Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Electroplating Workers Exposed to Hexavalent Chromium

本研究針對臺灣地區16家電鍍工廠，調查105名男性勞工暴露於六價鉻所造成DNA氧化傷害及脂質過氧化傷害指標之濃度，並與125位於辦公室作業之控制組勞工進行比較。研究對象皆為無吸菸習慣之男性勞工。研究過程中收集作業環境空氣之個人採集樣本、尿液、頭髮、指甲以及健康問卷，據以量化勞工對於六價鉻、DNA氧化傷害、脂質過氧化以及環境污染物的暴露。結果顯示暴露組勞工六價鉻之幾何平均濃度以及空氣中鉻總濃度皆顯著高於控制組。另外暴露組勞工其尿液、頭髮及指甲中鉻的幾何平均濃度以及尿中的DNA氧化傷害指標8-羥基脫氧鳥苷（8-OHdG）、脂質過氧化指標丙二醛（MDA）的濃度皆高於控制組。當控制了共變項後，六價鉻的每日累積暴露量以及尿中鉻濃度與尿液中8-OHdG濃度有統計上的顯著相關性，當尿中鉻濃度每增加10倍其尿中8-OHdG增加1.73倍。校正共變項後，六價鉻的每日累積暴露濃度、尿中鉻濃度與尿中MDA濃度有統計上顯著相關，而當尿中鉻濃度增加10倍其尿中MDA濃度增加1.45倍。爰此電鍍勞工會因為暴露六價鉻而導致DNA氧化傷害以及脂質過氧化傷害。

This study evaluates levels of biomarkers of oxidative DNA damage and lipid per-oxidation in 105 male workers at 16 electroplating companies who had been exposed to hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). The study participants were 230 non-smoking male workers, comprising 105 electroplating workers who had been exposed to chromium and 125 control subjects who performed office tasks. Personal air samples, spot urine sam-ples, hair samples,fingernail samples and questionnaires were used to quantify exposure to Cr(VI), oxidative DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and environmental pollutants. Both the geometric mean personal concentrations of Cr(VI) of the Cr-exposed workers and the total Cr concentrations in the air to which they were exposed significantly exceeded those for the control subjects. The geometric mean concentrations of Cr in urine, hair andfin-gernails, and the urinary 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the Cr(VI) exposed workers exceeded those in the control subjects. Dai-ly cumulative Cr(VI) exposure and urinary Cr were significantly correlated with urinary 8-OHdG levels following adjustments for covariates. A ten-fold increase in urinary Cr level was associated with a 1.73-fold increase in urinary 8-OHdG level. Daily cumulative Cr(VI) exposure and urinary Cr level were significantly correlated with urinary MDA lev-el following adjustments for covariates. A ten-fold increase in urinary Cr was associated with a 1.45-fold increase in urinary MDA. Exposure to Cr(VI) increased oxidative DNA injury and the oxidative deterioration of lipids in electroplating workers.