康養旅遊地評估指標研究──以中國漳州市為例

Hierarchical Evaluation Framework for Health and Wellness Destination: A Case in Zhangzhou, China

中國大陸地區雖然現階段有許多的旅居城市，但缺少城市的康養旅遊地的評價體系，而康養旅遊的開發需符合因地制宜。故本研究根據漳州現有的優勢資源分為資源條件、環境條件、開發建設等3個構面，依其性質劃分7個準則及22個指標層。研究採立意及配額的兩段式抽樣，最終由旅遊5人、醫藥護理3人、林業4人、生態學4人等專家篩選出的評價系統，求得各指標間的相對權重值。結果顯示，以環境(0.462)為目前應優先關注的構面；另根據綜合權重的顯示，應優先針對綠視率(0.168)、森林景觀(0.121)、空氣品質(0.094)、有機農業(0.069)、氣候(0.068)、田園景觀(0.067)為主要指標，故可以天然景觀、環境、有機農業/食品等，發展休養和食療等四季皆宜的康養旅遊產品。

Zhangzhou ranks first in Fujian Province in terms of the recreation index and has the potential for recreational tourism development. Although many cities in mainland China are present at this stage, no system for evaluating recreational tourism in cities has been developed. The development of recreational tourism should be in line with local conditions. The present study analyzed the case of Zhangzhou, a city that has favorably developed recreational tourism in terms of its available tourism resources. The elements that enable tourism to meet the needs of the current situation were identified and categorized into resource, environment, and development and construction condition factors. The elements were further divided into 7 criteria and 22 index layers on the basis of their characteristics. An expert panel of five, three, four, and four experts respectively from the tourism, medical care, forestry, and ecology industries made decisions. On the basis of their input, an evaluation system for calculating the relative weight values of indices was established. The results revealed that environment (0.462) is the factor that should be assigned the highest priority. According to a comprehensive weight analysis, vegetation coverage (0.168), forest landscapes (0.121), air quality (0.094), organic agriculture (0.069), climate (0.068), and pastoral landscapes (0.067) should also be prioritized. Therefore, health-focused travel and leisure services suitable for four seasons can be developed by utilizing the natural landscapes, environment, and organic agriculture or foods of Zhangzhou.