英國半官方教育智庫的運作與影響：以ESRC為例

How British Semi-official Education Think Tank Works and Its Influence: The Case of ESRC

本文以針對英國對教育學術研究的補助機構「經濟與社會研究委員會」（ESRC）的運作方式及所產生的影響進行探討，教育學是隸屬於其中的一個學門。就智庫的性質而言，它屬於半官方的智庫，而半官方智庫如何維持其中立性與研究自由則是探討的重點；其影響是指研究的成效，這是很難判定的。我國對教育研究的補助在國科會是隸屬於「人文及社會科學研究發展處」，兩者在功能上相當類似。本研究的發現有：1、ESRC 之所以為半官方組織，就是為了讓它具有某種程度的獨立性，它不是直屬部會所管轄。2、對於研究案的審查，訂有「哈爾坦原則」，限縮政府官員對學術研究的干預。3、審查研究案時完全不可考慮申請者所發表的期刊所屬的等級，應純以計畫內容為依據。4、ESRC 對於研究主題的主導、強調成果的影響力，值得參考，而不是在計算文章的引用率。

The article is to investigate the institution for subsides for education research from British government-ESRC in which education is one of a disciplines. As a semi-official think tank, how it works independently to safeguard neutrality and freedom of research are the main points. About its influence means the effects on educational activities which are very difficult to measure. In Taiwan, we have National Science and Technology Council as the counterpart. Education research is in the department of humanities and social sciences. The findings are: 1、For the purpose of independence for research, ESRC is a Quango (Quasi-autonomous nongovernmental organization,). 2、There is Haldane Principle to prevent the interference from government officials in reviewing research plans. 3、In ranking the priority for subsidy, the Journal Impact Factor should not be consulted as surrogate measure. 4、ESRC actively steers the themes and fields of research, stress the impacts which is different from citations of papers.