迥異時流——從學術觀念與詮釋方法探討陳寅恪的音韻學研究

The Singular Way from the Tradition: Exploring Chen Yinque’s Research on Chinese Phonology from Academic Concepts and Interpretation Methods

陳寅恪雖以史學見長，但其人博學多識、旁搜遠紹，早年遊學海外，深受德國古典語文學之薰陶，在〈四聲三問〉、〈東晉南朝之吳語〉、〈從史實論切韻〉等文章中所展現的觀念與方法，對於漢語音韻學未來之開展，實有值得借鑑取法之處。本文擬以陳寅恪的音韻學研究為主要闡述對象，分析陳寅恪的學術淵源、治學方法及其影響與啟示，申論陳寅恪音韻學體現之人文特色，有異於高本漢的「語音史」模式，能夠開拓學術新範疇、補前修之未逮，足以示後人以軌則，堪為未來漢語音韻學轉型之範例。

Though best known as a historian, Chen Yinque was an erudite scholar in many fields. For example, in his early period of studying abroad, he was significantly influenced by the German classical philology, as indicated in his “Sisheng Sanwen” (1934), “On Wu Chinese of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Northern and Southern Dynasties” (1936), “On Qieyun from the Historical Materials” (1949). The concepts and methods mentioned in these articles has demonstrated significant references for the development of the future of Chinese phonology. Hence, this article discusses Chen’s research on Chinese phonology by analyzing (i) his genealogy of scholarship, (ii) research methods, and (iii) his influences and inspirations, and finally elaborates his characteristics of humanities that his phonological systems exhibits——which stands in contrast to Bernhard Karlgren’s model of history of phonology. Therefore, the paper wishes to open up a new category of scholarship that mends the incompleteness of the former scholarship in this field in order to exhibit the rules for future scholars. The researcher wishes that it would serve as an example of shift for the future Chinese phonology scholarship.