從「韓粉出征，寸草不生」現象論庶民對抗型公共領域的再現

Implication of Subaltern Counter-Public Sphere in Taiwan: A Textual Analysis of Han Kuo-Yu’s Hardcore Fans’Discursive Strategies

2018 年，韓國瑜南下至高雄參選市長，吸引了廣大韓粉情義相挺，接著更代表國民黨參選 2020 總統大選。然而，在競選過程中，卻屢屢爆出爭議，網路聲勢急轉直下，從中引發韓粉為了護韓在線上做出激烈的出征舉動，更有「韓粉出征，寸草不生」一語，以形容這大規模的輿論攻擊行為，也導致社會中主流與非主流的競爭態勢更為明顯。因此，本研究以 2020 年總統大選為基底，探討韓粉作為輿論弱勢的對抗型公眾如何利用社群網路出征，這些行動對於台灣政治傳播與民主生態產生哪些翻轉與衝擊，又或者在論述過程中受到哪些影響，希望藉此描繪出這新興政治群體的論述特色與邏輯。本文結合 OpView 意藍輿情監測系統爬搜 Facebook 中韓粉留言，並透過文本分析以了解出征的論述架構為何。研究資料顯示，韓粉出征以「製造對立、情緒宣洩、岔開話題」為主要的論述特色，同時也因出征行為聚焦在 Facebook 上，導致韓粉的資訊接收受到同溫層影響，更形成一種垂直整合的意見生態圈。此外，作為對抗性公眾的韓粉並非以尋求達到最多支持為理念，反而持續加深與他者的對立，同時資料亦透露出韓粉大舉「庶民」旗幟，最後形成反菁英、反民主的民粹團體，對台灣民主政治產生極大的影響與衝擊。

Back in 2018, KMT’s Han Kuo-yu won Kaohsiung mayoral election and attracted people to be his supporters. Soon after, he was announced as the winner of KMT’s presidential primary to be running up against Tsai Ing-wen. However, during the election process, Han kept causing controversy after a string of gaffes, which made him get negative opinions on the internet and made himself and his supporters discriminated against by others. Thus, the fans flooded into competitors’ Facebook pages and left some fierce comments to protect Han. The phrase “when Han fans go to battle, there is complete devastation” describes this kind of comment attack. This also made the combat between the groups of mainstream and non-mainstream even tenser. Therefore, with the momentum of Han’s supporters, this study delineates how they use social media to battle with others and what exactly their discursive strategies and tactics are in the comments. Besides, how this attack affects political communication and democracy in Taiwan. Regarding the research method, we use OpView trend to collect data and textual analysis to scrutinize every comment left by Han’s supporters. The results show that their strategies focus on creating conflicts with others, letting off steam and releasing anger, and diverting the discussion topics. In addition, Han’s fans are not only influenced by social media algorithms and echo chambers but have become new information streaming ecosystem for vertical opinion integration. Furthermore, as a counter-public, it is surprising that Han’s fans do not seek more support from other marginal groups; instead, they incite opposition against them. Last, they use “subaltern” as a sign to gather and form a populist group to be anti-elites and anti-democracy. This will cause a severe impact on democratic politics in Taiwan.