朱倬《詩經疑問》成書性質及其擬題特色析探

The Analysis on the Problem of Imperial Examination and Propositional thinking of Zhu Zhuo’s Shi Jing Yi Wen in Yuan Dynasty

朱倬《詩經疑問》是元代《詩經》學著述中形式頗為特別的作品，其書以問答題式呈現，題目涉及諸多疑義，範圍多元，解答則以簡單提示論說為主，且存在有問無答現象。問答體式有別於注疏形式，也不同於以申述為主的論說體式。特別的樣式代表此書有不同於傳統經解的撰成背景，但學界對於此書的研究並不充足，往往只停留在是否述朱的討論上。有鑒於此，此文從其撰書性質著手，探討朱倬《詩經疑問》採問題彙編的成書原因，進而辨析其說《詩》立場、命題思維，以界定此書之價值。此文利用《皇元大科三場文選》所錄考題與《詩經疑問》之擬題進行比較，發現《詩經疑問》乃因應元代至正復科後科舉「經疑」題型而設計。並將題目與答案分開檢視，發現《詩經疑問》仍以《詩集傳》為主要依據。且問題設計具有比較歸納、關連擴散、開放申論三種構題思維。此書的問題引導，有助於讀者從更多樣的角度關注《詩經》中的疑義，進一步形成議題化之討論。透過此文的研究，可進一步了解元代《詩經》著述與科舉的關係，並且對於問答體式在經學著述史上的地位有更深入的認識。

The main purpose of this article is to explore Zhu Zhuo’s writing motives, propositional thinking, and his acceptance of Zhu Xi. And analyze the value of the form of question and answer in the history of classics in the Yuan Dynasty. This article uses the comparative method to compare the proposed questions of Shi Jing Yi Wen with the examination questions included in the Huang Yuan Da Ke San Chang Wen Xuan . It was discovered that Shi Jing Yi Wen was written for the imperial examination. This article also concludes that Zhu Zhuo's thinking on design problems can be divided into three types: comparative induction, relational diffusion, and open and deep theory. This kind of thinking can help scholars to summarize the doubts and break through the previous methods that only focus on text interpretation, which is positively helpful to the study of The Book of Songs. However, when answering questions, Zhu Zhuo still adopted traditional thinking, emphasizing the need to answer the questions from the perspective of rationality. Therefore, although the title of Shi Jing Yi Wen is enlightening, it still maintains Zhu Xi in the guidance of answering the questions, reflecting the basic direction of the Yuan Dynasty respecting Zhu Xi's academics. Through the research results of this article, we should have a deeper understanding of the literature designed in the form of jing-Yi in the Yuan Dynasty, and we should also be able to take a positive view of the value of the imperial examination documents.