體證與傳承──《四書大全》中朱熹門人詮釋之考察

Evidence and Inheritance: An Investigation of the Interpretation of Zhu Xi’s Disciples in Encyclopedia of the Four Books

朱熹撰成《四書章句集注》，門人不僅參與朱熹學術建構過程，對於朱注義理也有親切的觀察，體證心得成為朱學成立關鍵所在，明代《四書大全》保留這些線索，成為了解朱學發展重要環節，徵引包括：陳淳、黃榦、輔廣、潘柄、蔡淵、蔡沈、蔡模、陳孔碩、陳埴、胡泳、鄭南升、葉味道、黃士毅、潘時舉、歐陽謙之、馮椅等親炙弟子，共計十六人，剔除條數不多門人，尚有七位可供觀察。黃榦、陳埴、馮椅是武夷精舍建成以前從學門人，陳孔碩是武夷精舍建成後從學門人，陳淳是考亭滄洲精舍建成以前從學門人，輔廣、蔡模是考亭滄洲精舍建成後從學門人，朱熹及門弟子對於四書充滿熱情與信心，從學到傳，既標示所學內容，也提醒注意方向，指出朱熹成就，說明朱注旨趣，釐清詮釋歧出，也補充個人心得，切己體證，思索精進，開啟後世多元的思考。

Zhu Xi wrote the Annotation of Chapters and Sentences of the Four Books. The disciples not only participated in the process of Zhu Xi's academic construction, but also had a cordial observation of the meaning of Zhu Xi's annotations. Important links in the development of the study include: Chen Chun, Huang Qian, Fu Guang, Pan Bing, Cai Yuan, Cai Chen, Cai Mo, Chen Kongshuo, Chen Yan, Hu Yong, Zheng Nansheng, Ye Weiwei, Huang Shiyi, Pan Shiju, Ouyang Qianzhi, Feng Yi There are a total of 16 disciples, including only a few, and there are still seven for observation. Huang Gan, Chen Yan, and Feng Yi were students from the school before the Wuyi Jingshe was built; Chen Kongshuo was a student after the Wuyi Jingshe was built; Chen Chun was a student before the Cangzhou Jingshe was built; After the Cangzhou Jingshe was built, the scholars, Zhu Xi and his disciples were full of enthusiasm and confidence in the Four Books. From the school, it not only marked the content of the study, but also reminded the direction, pointed out the achievements of Zhu Xi, explained the purpose of Zhu Xi, and clarified the differences in interpretation and also supplement personal experience, experience self-examination, think diligently, and open up diverse thinking in future generations.