行車安全用藥分級課程介入在種子藥師認知、態度及行為改變之成效評估

Evaluating the effectiveness of driving medication safety training to improve pharmacists’knowledge, attitude, and behavior

目標：本研究旨在探討行車安全用藥分級種子藥師教育課程介入後，評估此課程對藥師行車安全用藥分級之認知、態度與行為介入的成效。方法：本研究設計為運用健康信念模式（Health Belief Model, HBM）融入行車安全用藥分級種子藥師教育課程，並採用前、後測並追蹤延宕效果的準實驗研究設計。研究工具由研究者自編行車安全用藥分級宣導之現況評估問卷做為評量工具，建立效度、信度、難度與鑑別度。正式研究對象採便利取樣，選取臺北市與新北市藥師共60人，研究設計採對照組等待名單的方式進行。結果：以廣義估計方程式進行分析。結果發現當方程式控制了組別與時間之後，行車安全用藥分級種子藥師教育課程對於藥師的行車安全用藥分級認知、態度、行為皆有正向成效。結論：藥師須協助民眾處理複雜的用藥問題，讓藥物能安全的使用是藥師的職責。事先培育藥師具備行車安全用藥分級應有認知、態度與行為，能讓藥師有效的判斷駕駛使用藥物的風險，並與民眾或醫師進行溝通，提出最適當的用藥建議。期望能降低一般大眾在駕駛中的用藥風險與行車事故發生。

Objectives: This study investigated the use of the driving medication safety training curriculum and evaluated the effectiveness of this curriculum in promoting the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of pharmacists on classification of medication use and driving safety. Methods: This study was designed as a quasi-experimental study that integrated the health belief model into the driving medication safety training curriculum, and adopts with pre- and posttesting control group design as well as tracking of delayed effects. The researchers utilized a current state analysis questionnaire for the promotion of classification of medication use and driving safety as the evaluation tool. After a preliminary evaluation of the validity, reliability, difficulty, and discrimination were established. Sixty pharmacists in Taipei City and New Taipei City were selected as the formal research participants through convenience sampling. The study was conducted by following a waiting list control group design. Results: The study analysis was performed with generalized estimating equations. When the equation controlled for“group”and“time,”the pharmacy education curriculum for the classification of medication use and driving safety had a positive effect on pharmacists’knowledge, attitude, and behavior. Conclusions: Pharmacists must assist the public in dealing with complex medication problems, and the onus of the safe use of medications is upon pharmacists. Pre-training pharmacists with the knowledge, attitude, and behaviors required for driving safety and medication use can enable them to effectively determine the risk of medication use and driving as well as communicate with the public or doctors to make the most appropriate drug recommendations. It is expected to reduce the risk of medication use while driving and the occurrence of traffic accidents in the general public.