歐盟資料中介服務法制研析

The EU legal framework for data intermediation services: a legal analysis

隨著資料經濟時代的來臨，資料已成為創新與經濟發展所仰賴的新石油，然而資料的取得與流通並不容易，仰賴資料分享之安全性、互操作性與信任機制的建立。而資料中介服務機制因有達成前述需求的功用，成為各國資料政策與法制發展的重點之一。有鑑於我國較少有相關法制研究，且歐盟相關立法進度領先國際又有完整的資料經濟法制框架之規劃，本文將整理並研析全球首部針對資料中介的立法－歐盟資料治理法（Data Governance Act）與輔助資料中介服務運作的重要基礎—歐盟資料法草案（Data Act）之立法背景與規範內容，提出有關資料中介服務之法制建議，供我國政府參考。

As we enter the era of data economy, we find data as the new oil on which innovation and economic growth largely depends. However, gaining access to certain data and facilitating the exchange of data is far from easy. It requires secure means of data exchange, interoperability, and trust between actors. To unleash the full value of data, policy makers over the world have turned to data intermediaries as a key solution, as it has the potential to enhance security, interoperability and trust in data sharing. Among them, the EU is the first to establish a comprehensive legal framework for facilitating data intermediation services, having adopted Data Governance Act and proposed Data Act earlier this year. Hence, this paper reviews the background and details of both Acts, provides a preliminary analysis of the relationship between these acts and concludes with some legal policy suggestions to Taiwan's government, which is relevant to countries without data portability rights.