陳恭尹入獄原因考

A Textual Research on the Reasons for Chen Gongyin's Imprisonment

明末清初廣東遺民詩人、嶺南三大家之一的陳恭尹，曾下獄二百餘日，但他本人並未說明入獄原因。學界一般認為陳氏是受尚之信延攬之累導致下獄，這是根據《龍山陳氏家譜》的說法。本文認為陳氏入獄是受尚之信延攬的說法不成立，因為他入獄之時，尚氏已降清一年多，尚氏是清廷重臣，從邏輯上說不可能發生陳恭尹因這位重臣延攬而被捕入獄之事。自《清史稿》所載及陳恭尹詩作可知，陳氏受吳三桂直接延攬之可能性最大。故《龍山陳氏家譜》所載吳三桂仰慕陳恭尹大名，發信給尚氏，因此尚氏延攬陳氏任官，進而導致陳氏下獄之說法並不準確。

Chen Gongyin, a Guangdong adherent poet in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties and one of the Three Great Masters in Lingnan, was imprisoned for more than 200 days, but he himself did not explain the reason for his imprisonment. The academic circles generally believe that Chen Gongyin was imprisoned because of Shang Zhixin's recruitment. This is according to the 'Longshan Chen's Genealogy'. This article argues that Chen Gongyin was imprisoned because he was recruited by Shang Zhixin, which is not valid. Because when Chen Gongyin was imprisoned, Shang Zhixin had surrendered to the Qing Dynasty for more than a year. As Shang Zhixin was an important minister of the Qing court, it was logically impossible for Chen Gongyin to be arrested and imprisoned because of the appointment of this important minister. From the 'Qing Shi Gao' and Chen Gongyin's poems, we can see that it is most likely that Gongyin was directly recruited by Wu Sangui. Therefore, it is not accurate to say in 'Longshan Chen's Genealogy' that Wu Sangui sent a letter to Shang Zhixin because of his admiration for Chen Gongyin's great name, so Shang Zhixin recruited Chen Gongyin to be an official, which in turn led to Chen Gongyin's imprisonment.