應用計畫行為理論探討原住民參與溪流巡護之行為──以山美社區為例

Using the theory of planned behavior to explore the aboriginal's intention of participating stream patrol-A case study of Shanmei community

本研究之目的在探討原住民參與溪流巡護之行為意向，研究區域位於嘉義縣阿里山鄉山美社區，該社區主要由原住民所組成，其已執行溪流巡護達30年之久，為瞭解及解釋原住民參與巡護行為之意向，本研究採用計畫行為理論作為研究架構，以便利抽樣方式取樣並採用現地問卷調查進行資料蒐集，共回收問卷190份，其中有效問卷數量為175份(92.1%)，採用信度分析、敘述統計、迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析。由迴歸分析所得之結果顯示，居民的巡護態度(β=0.187)、主觀規範(β=0.307)、知覺行為控制(β=0.393)對於巡護行為意向均有顯著的正向影響，其中以知覺行為控制影響程度最高，其次為主觀規範，態度影響程度最小，整體模式解釋力達50% (R2=0.500)，亦即應用計畫行為理論可適用於解釋原住民參與溪流巡護之行為意向。本研究所得之結果可提供政府在原住民社區推行巡護工作之參考。

The purposes of this study were to understand the behavioral intentions of aboriginal people to participate in stream patrolling. The study area was located in Shanmei community. This community consists of mainly aborigines who have performed stream patrolling for 30 years. In order to understand the behavior of the aboriginal people participating in patrolling, the theory of planned behavior (TPB) was employed to establish our research framework. We collected data based on convenience sampling and used on-site survey by questionnaire. A total of 175 valid questionnaires (92.1%) out of 190 questionnaires were obtained. Reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. According to regression analysis, all factors had significant positive effects on patrol behavior intention, where the β values of regression models were 0.187, 0.307 and 0.393 for residents' patrol attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control, respectively. It indicated that perceived behavior control had the highest impact, followed by subjective norm and attitude. As a result, the three factors and the model could explain about 50% of TPB. From this case study, we found that TPB was suitable for explaining the community residents' behavioral intentions toward participating the forest patrol plan. The results of this study might provide important information for the government to implement patrol plans in community forestry.