高空工作車職災統計與現場危害調查

Occupational Injury Statistics and Hazard Investigation of Mobile Elevating Work

高空工作車廣泛被國內特定行業使用，作為搭載人員至高處作業之車輛機械，且高空工作車種類與型式多樣，除可在道路等作業場所自行移動，並能因應不同空間環境，改變舉昇的姿態，主要用在營造、電機、電信、倉儲業，例如街道路燈與交通信號等高處機具設備之架設與維修，由於屬高處作業，如作業不慎容易造成事故意外。另高空工作車為動力引擎、車體底盤與上半部之舉昇機構等組合而成，結合型態影響整體結構強度之安全性，複雜構件維護、保養也不容易，因此機具缺陷、操作不慎等因素，容易造成事故意外，宜精進高空工作車作業安全管理機制。
研究並辦理現場訪視5場次，以了解國內的使用現況、作業情形等資料。另研究統計民國99∼109年相關高空工作車重大職災共計43件，以墜落佔79%為最高，被夾被捲佔9%為第2位。墜落發生於作業狀態為最多，其次發生於伸臂移動狀態及走行狀態中。分析肇災要因以未確實使用安全防護具以及未接受必要教育訓練各31及29件、未訂定或落實作業計畫26件，另有3件因未確實實施維修保養，使得構造嚴重劣化而導致的重大職災。

Mobile elevating work platforms are widely used in specific industries as vehicles for carrying people to work at heights. There are various types and types of mobile elevating work platforms. It can move in workplaces such as roads, and change the lifting height in response to different space environments. It is mainly used in construction, electrical, telecommunications, and storage industries, such as the erection and maintenance of high-altitude equipment such as street lights and traffic signals. Because it is awork at heights, it is easy to cause accidents if the operation is careless. In addition, the mobile elevating work platforms is composed of apower engine, abody chassis and alifting mechanism of the upper half. The combination type affects the safety of the overall structural strength, and the maintenance of complex components is not easy. Inadvertent operating and machine defects are likely to cause accidents. It is advisable to establish asafety management for the operation of mobile elevating work platforms.
Research and conduct 5on-site visits to learn about the current domestic use and operation conditions. According to the research statistics, from 2010 to 2020 years, there were 43 major occupational accidents related to mobile elevating work platforms, falling hazard was 79% and getting caught in hazard was 9%. The fall occurs most in the working state, and also occurs in the moving of boom state and the walking state. According to the analysis of the main causes of the disaster, there were 31 and 29 cases of failure to use safety protection equipment and failure to receive necessary education and training, 26 cases were not formulated or implemented, and 3cases of accidents caused by serious plant deterioration due to failure to perform maintenance.