台灣成年民眾室內空氣污染健康識能不足者之特性研究

Characteristics of Taiwanese adults with inadequate indoor air pollution health literacy

目標：本研究旨在利用經信效度確認之「室內空氣污染健康識能量表」來界定出我國成年民眾中室內空氣污染健康識能不足者族群之特性。方法：本研究屬於橫斷性研究，利用網路面訪方式，針對我國20歲以上之民眾進行訪談。樣本按台灣2020年4月成年人口地區、性別、與年齡分佈進行加權計算後，以決策樹模型歸類出屬於室內空氣污染健康識能不足（分數低於中位數者）的族群特性。結果：共蒐集647份問卷，加權樣本數為616人。決策樹模型分析結果指出，我國民眾室內空氣污染健康識能不足比例較高（158/234=67.5%）且人數占比較高的族群（36%）之族群特性為：自己或同住者的工作不會接觸室內空污資訊，且從事特定工作者。結論：本研究發現從事工作別以及民眾與其同住者的工作是否會接觸室內空污資訊為影響民眾室內空氣污染健康識能程度的重要因子，針對特定行業的工作族群開發適性衛教教材，並進行介入是台灣未來提升成年族群室內空氣污染健康識能可以考慮採行的作法。

Objectives: We used the Indoor Air Pollution Health Literacy (IAPHL) model to determine the characteristics of Taiwanese adults with inadequate health literacy regarding indoor pollution. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data on the characteristics of Taiwanese participants aged ≥20 years through online questionnaires based on the IAPHL model. The responses were analyzed and categorized by region, gender, and age group of the interviewees as of April 2020. The characteristics of the participants with inadequate IAPHL (i.e., less than the median score) were described by using decision tree. Results: In total, 616 out of 647 questionnaires were included in the analysis after weighting. The decision tree model revealed that 67.5% (158/234) of Taiwanese citizens had inadequate IAPHL. Furthermore, 36% of the participants lacked information on indoor air pollution at their workplace or home. Conclusions: This study found occupation type and a lack of knowledge regarding indoor air pollution at the workplace are key predictors of inadequate IAPHL. These findings suggest that IAPHL can be better improved through the use of occupation specific educational materials for adults in Taiwan.