論雙軌法治複規範性的中國敘事

法治構建中的規範多元是一項普遍性的社會事實。中國法治的“複規範性”，獨特之處不在於其“多元性”，而在於其頑強的“雙軌性”。從歷史上的禮法合治，到當代的黨規國法合治，一直是兩種主要規範，通過三重制度邏輯——實質價值與形式價值的傳導互動、積極主體與消極主體的差序治理、示範系統與規範系統的功能耦合——運轉起整個規範秩序，“雙軌法治”構成了中國法治的深層結構。規範系統的雙軌性來自治理結構的雙軌性，古典“雙軌法治”源於儒法交互的治理結構在規範上的複調表達，當代“雙軌法治”源於“超政黨”與“半國家”既交叉混合又相對獨立的政治邏輯對規範秩序的雙重塑造。居於能動地位的規範系統能否始終保持開放性是影響“雙軌法治”生命力的關鍵。這就要求處於能動地位的規範系統，其價值譜系必須是開放的，而非封閉的，主體身份必須是流動的，而非固化的，功能系統必須是示範的，而非強制的。

Normative pluralism in the rule of law is a universal social fact. The uniqueness of China’s “multi-normativity”lies not in its“diversity”,but in its tenacious“dual-track nature”. From the historical rule of rites and laws to the contemporary rule of Party regulations and laws, China's normative order has consistently demonstrated a dual track operating logic. “Dual-track rule of law”is the inner vision for understanding the rule of law in China. On the basis of normative pluralism, the two dominant normative systems activate the entire normative order through the conductive interaction of substantive and formal values, the differential governance of active and negative subjects, and the functional coupling of the exemplary system and the normative system. The deep root of the “dual-track rule of law”lies in the dual track nature of the governance structure. The classical“dual-track rule of law”derives from the polyphonic expression of the governance system between Confucianism and Legalism. The contemporary “dual- track rule of law”originates from the dual shaping of the normative order by the intersecting but relatively independent political structure between the “ super-party”and“semi-state”. The openness of the normative system that plays an active role in the“dual-track rule of law”is the key to the vitality of the “dual-track rule of law”. The openness of the“dual-track rule of law”means that the value spectrum of the dynamic normative system must be open rather than closed, its subject identity must be fluid rather than solid, and its functional system must be exemplary rather than coercive.