多極時代的文學家──蕭詧的詩賦及其與梁末作家的關聯

Literati on the Age of Multipolarity: Study on Relationships between Xiao Cha’s Poetic Writing and Other Writers in Last Liang Dynasty

西元555年，南朝梁承聖3年，西魏攻陷江陵，也在同一年，受西魏扶植的蕭詧（519-562）在江陵即帝位，史稱後梁或西梁。西梁在西魏與北周扶植之下，國祚維繫了33年，經蕭巋、蕭琮共三帝，至大隋開皇6年（587），蕭琮入隋封為莒國公，其妹嫁與後來的隋煬帝楊廣，西梁正式滅亡。西梁可說是在南北大分裂時期，偏安裡的偏安政權，因依附北方政權作為與江南王朝間的緩衝。在政治上西梁與梁朝分屬不同朝代，但在文學上，蕭詧的詩賦作品無論風格與題材，都與蕭綱、蕭繹或庾信頗有近似。現今論及國際關係時，有所謂「多極時代」的說法，相對於政治軍事的國家實力，文學與文化則可以視為一種軟性實力，並寄寓了國家民族的隱喻。因此本文聚焦於蕭詧的詩賦作品，從政治、歷史、文化與文學美學的層面，試圖從多極國家的角度，談蕭詧的詩賦作品與梁末其他作家之間複雜又相似的關聯性及寓意。

In 555 A.D., the Western Wei assaulted Jiangling, ultimately ending Liang Emperor Yuan’s reign. With the support of the Western Wei, Xiao Cha (519-562), came to the throne in Jiangling and was known as the Later Liang or Western Liang. The Western Liang Dynasty lasted 33 years, with three emperors, Xiao Kui and Xiao Zong, until Xiao Zong was crowned Duke of Ju and his younger sister married a prince of Sui, Yang Guang, subsequently Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, and the Western Liang Dynasty was destroyed. During the Great North-South Divide, the Western Liang was a partisan administration that relied on northern dominance as a buffer against the Jiangnan dynasty. Despite being political rivals, Xiao Cha’s lyrical works were stylistically and conceptually similar to those of Xiao Gang, Xiao Yi, and Yu Xin. The term “multipolarity” is now used to define the nation-state. Literature and culture, in comparison to political and military national strength, can be regarded soft power and a metaphor for the nation. This paper focuses on Xiao Cha’s poetic works and attempts to discuss the complex and similar correlations and symbolic meanings between his poetic works and other late Liang Dynasty writers from the political, historical, cultural, and literary aesthetic levels from the standpoint of the multipolarity state.