划船運動下肢肌電圖與肌力訓練之探討

A review of lower extremity of electromyography and strength training of rowing

本文透過文獻回顧的方式，探討划船運動下肢肌電圖與肌力訓練的關聯，內容蒐集2001年9月至2021年9月間，關於分析在陸上不同形式測功儀划船運動，水上划船運動，以及肌力訓練影響划船選手下肢肌電圖的研究期刊論文。回顧主要發現固定式陸上測功儀相較於動態式陸上測功儀，在下肢的肌肉活化狀態更類似於水上划船的動作。而在整體划船週期的各個划船階段，陸上測功儀跟水上划船的下肢髖、膝和踝關節的動作是相同的，而且肌肉肌電圖訊號活化程度狀態顯示下肢髖、膝和踝關節動作相關肌群為划船力量的主要貢獻來源。肌力訓練的介入，肌耐力的肌力訓練可以提高划船選手的運動表現。建議划船選手應在執行肌力體能訓練時，配合划船運動專項的肌群加強訓練。

This article explored the relationship between electromyography and strength training of rowing through a literature review. The content of the review collected research journal articles from September 2001 to September 2021 that related to analyses of influence on the electromyography of the lower extremity when athletes rowed on land with different types of rowing ergometers, on water and strength training. The review mainly found that comparing to rowing on land with the dynamic ergometer, the muscle activation of the lower extremity during rowing on land with the static ergometer was more similar to that during rowing on water. In each rowing stage of a overall rowing cycle, the movement of shoulder and wrist joints of the upper extremity was different between rowing on land and water, but that of the hip, knee and ankle joints of the lower extremity was the same. Moreover, the muscle activation of the hip, knee and ankle joints of the lower extremity was the main contribution source of rowing strength. The intervention of muscle strength training, muscle strength training of muscle endurance can improve the athletic performance of rowers. It was recommended that rowing athletes should cooperate with rowing specific muscles to enhance their training when practicing the strength and conditioning.