即時階段航班隨機到離下機場空側端指派

Airport Airside Assignments under Stochastic Flight Arrival and Departure Times in Real-time Stage

空側指派包含航機於機門、跑道與滑行道之指派活動，實際營運時常面臨航班隨機到離的情形，而須進行即時性指派。本研究將每日劃分成依時性多個階段，各階段考量確定時間航班、隨機時間航班與原規劃航班進行指派。另外，考量最大化符合原規劃機門指派航班數量，以及兼顧環保意識下之最小化總碳排放量進行多目標規劃。為求解此問題，本研究構建一依時性多階段多目標即時指派架構，架構中整合數學規劃與統計學相關方法，包含階段分解、情境樹、時空網路、多目標模式、權重法、機率分布與模擬技巧等。並根據機場營運特性設計一般、低延誤與高延誤三種狀態產生多組範例進行測試，以提供機場當局進行即時性之指派時之有用工具與資訊。

An airside assignment includes flight to gate, runway and taxiway. However, stochastic flight arrival and departure times occur frequently, making real-time assignment is necessary. We divide a day into multiple successive-stages following the time-sequence decision-making required by an airport in actual operations. A stage includes certain, stochastic, and original flights. In addition, we consider the maximization of planned gate assignments and the minimization of carbon emissions according to environmental perspectives to perform a multi-objective programming. We develop a successive-stage and multiple-objective framework to handle the problem. The framework integrates several techniques in mathematical programming and statistics including dividing stage, scenario tree, time-space network, multi-objective model, weighting method, probability distribution, and simulation. We also consider three operation situations including normal, low delay, and high delay situations according to airport's operation characteristics. A large number of tests is performed, which is useful to provide advantageous tools and information for airport airside assignments in real-time stage.