規制的經濟法屬性及構成要素———《民法典》背景下的經濟法理論變革

On the Economic Law Nature of Regulation and its Constituent Elements: The Revolution of Economic Law Theory under the Background of Civil Code

《民法典》背景下的經濟法必須以尊重私權和私法自治為起點，但應從規制這一相反方向進行制度和理論構建。規制是以禁止、限制和強制方式限縮權利和自由的法律形式，源於並寓於經濟法，由規制對象、目標、措施和機構等要素構成。作為一個樞紐型概念，規制集中反映了經濟法的特質，並可將經濟法與經濟學及其他學科聯結起來。規制是立法、行政和司法的共同行動，其源頭是法律而非行政。行政規制的實質是執法，與規制完全不能等同。

Economic law under the background of Civil Code shall start in respect to private rights and autonomy of private law, however, it’s system and theory should be constructed from the opposite direction. Regulation, which is a legal form that restricts rights and freedoms by prohibiting, restricting, and compelling, originated from and resided in economic law, is composed of regulatory objects, goals, measures, and institutions. Regulation intensively reflects the characteristics of economic law, which makes it a hub-type concept that connects economic law with economics and other disciplines of law science. As an integral process among legislation, administration, and justice, the source of regulation is legislation rather than administration. Administrative regulation still belongs to the scope of law enforcement.