《民法典》中經濟公法規範的結構、功能及其影響

The Economic Public Law Norms in Civil Code: Structure, Function and Influence

《民法典》是我國社會主義市場經濟法律制度建設的歷史性成果。依照傳統公法與私法的劃分標準，我國《民法典》在規範配置上呈現出清晰的多元結構，既有以純粹民法規範為主體的私法規範，也有大量的經濟公法規範。經濟公法規範可被定義為具有財產關係屬性的公法規範。經濟公法規範通過一體各表、攝入、滲入三種路徑導入《民法典》之中，遵循市場優位與政府謙抑的理念，適應當代經濟社會的發展要求。經濟公法規範不僅在宏觀上充實民法的基本假設，也在微觀上厘定民事法律行為的合理邊界。通過引致條款的設計，經濟公法規範為《民法典》所吸附，成為克服法律滯後性的有效工具，同時還可以發揮《民法典》與法律資源體系之間的轉換樞紐作用。經濟公法規範不僅可以在民事司法裁判中被援引，也設定特定情景中民事主體的法定義務。從公私法規範配置的角度把握《民法典》混合立法的特色，有助於理解《民法典》範式變革的意義，有利於《民法典》的準確適用。

Civil Code is a historic achievement in the construction of China’s socialist market legal system. According to the traditional method of dividing public law and private law, Civil Code presents a clear and diverse structure in terms of norms. There are both private law norms with pure civil law norms as the main body and numerous public economic law norms. The norms of public economic law can be defined as public law norms with the attributes of property relations. The public economic law norms are introduced into Civil Code through three paths of integration, ingestion, and infiltration, following the concept of market superiority and government modesty, and adapting to the requirements of contemporary economic and social development. Public economic law norms not only enrich the basic assumptions of civil law at the macro-level, but also determine the reasonable boundaries of civil legal behaviorss at the micro-level. Through the design of the inducing clauses, public economic law norms are absorbed by Civil Code and become an effective tool for overcoming legal lag. Meanwhile, it can also play the role of the transformation hub between the Civil Code and the legal resource system. Public economic law norms can not only be quoted in civil judicial judgments, but also establish the legal obligations of civil subjects in specific circumstances. Grasping the characteristics of the mixed legislation of China’s Civil Code from the perspective of both public and private laws is helpful to understand the significance of the reform of the civil law paradigm, and is conducive to the accurate application of the Civil Code.