國際法的“不確定性”及其對國際法治的影響

隨著批判國際法學的興起，國際法的不確定性問題對傳統國際法治理論提出了根本性的挑戰。結構不確定性、語言不確定性、學說不確定性構成了國際法不確定性的主要來源。理解和克服國際法的不確定性、重構國際法研究的學科邊界和正當性，構成了過去二十多年國際法學研究的一條學術主線。國際法的不確定性已經深深地嵌入在當今的國際法學研究中，深刻地變革國際法學的研究範式，改造國際法學的理論視野和研究風格，重塑國際法的學術話語。國際法的形式主義傳統正在衰落，主體間性不斷凸顯，論辯主義成為新的主流方法。中國國際法學界有必要超越形式主義國際法治理論，基於發展中國家的歷史經驗和政治想像來構建新的國際法治理論，並積極開展國際法的跨學科研究。

With the rise of critical international legal studies, indeterminacy thesis had brought funda-mental challenges to traditional theories of international rule of law. Structural indeterminacy, linguistic ambiguities and doctrinal uncertainties all contest the determinacy of international law. An important line of international legal scholarship during the past two decades has been to understand and overcome the in-determinacy of international law and to reconstitute the boundaries and legitimacy of international law as a discipline. Today the issue of indeterminacy is so deeply embedded in international legal studies that it is opening new research paradigm of international law, reshaping the intellectual landscape and academic style, and remaking the vocabularies of international law. With the demise of formalism and resurgence of intersubjectivity, international law is turning to the theory of argumentation. It is necessary for Chi-nese academia to move beyond the formalistic tradition, search for a new theory of international rule of law based on the historical experiences and political imaginations of developing countries, and actively en-gage in interdisciplinary studies of international law.