論我國的法定機構

我國內地的法定機構源自深圳的探索，現多設于自貿區、高新技術開發區。它是獨立于行政編制、事業編制和企業編制的新型公共管理組織，屬于非營利性的專門目的公法人。它經地方性法規或地方政府規章規定，由政府設立，根據授權或委託獲得行政職權或代為行使行政職權。法定機構基於授權而成為授權行政主體，基於職權委託而成為職權行政主體。法定機構受政府或其設立的機構領導，大多按決策和執行二分制結構組織，具有一定的靈活性。法定機構適合作為區域合作的管理機構，可以構成《地方各級人民法代表大會和地方各級人民政府組織法》第80條規定的“區域協同發展工作機制”。

Statutory bodies in Chinese mainland originate from the experimentation in Shenzhen, and are now mostly established in free trade zones and high-tech development zones. It is a new type of public management organization, which is independent from administrative organization as well as public institution and enterprises. It is a non-profit special-purpose legal person of public law. It is established by the government according to local statutes or local government regulations, and obtains administrative authorities or exercises administrative authorities on behalf of the government through delegation or entrustment. Among them, statutory bodies become authorized administrative bodies based on delegation, and administrative bodies of authority based on entrustment of authorities. The statutory bodies are under the leadership of the governments or the agents established by the governments, and are mostly organized in a binary structure of decision-making and implementation with flexibility. Statutory bodies are suitable to be the management organizations of regional cooperation, and may constitute the“regional cooperative development mechanism”stipulated by Article 80 of the PRC Local Organization Law.