論宋代時期《易》學圖說與《洪範》之會通流衍

An Analysis of the Integration of Yi-Diagrams and Hongfan in the Song Dynasty

《易》與《洪範》指歸同一，化育天地，通自然之天道，明人事之治道。二者傳統上糾結著八卦的起源、陰陽五行的概念，且思想本多有相互融攝者，自漢代《洪範》五行化的高度發展，與《易》說形成諸多之契應，至宋代二者的立論制說，或推衍圖式，為彼此開啟更為具體的會通，並為時代之重要標誌；《易》學與《洪範》思想元素的會通，成為此一時代《易》學圖式化與《洪範》學的嶄新特色。本文探討宋代《易》學圖說與《洪範》之會通流衍，主要從《洪範》與《易》說展示之陰陽五行觀、《洪範》學發展與《易》的必然會通、災異化取向與圖說構制之論辨、陳摶一系圖說與《洪範》之糾葛，以及蔡沈「範數」擬《易》占筮數理化之新詮等方面，以宏觀之視野，拾綴研覈，理解彼此會通流衍關係，以及相關的實質內涵與學術史之意義。

The essence of Yi and Hongfan is highly similar and related. Both discuss the formation of the cosmos, and illustrate how rulers and subjects should behave by drawing on natural phenomena-how the universe works. Researchers studying the two schools of thought usually concentrate on the origin of Bagua (the eight trigrams), the concepts of yin and yang and the five elements to formulate their theories and scheme Yi-diagrams. This way of presenting Yi through diagrams, and the integration of Yi and Honghfan has become a new characteristic and later a trademark in Song Dynasty. With the focus on the integration of Yi-diagrams and Hongfan, the present study aims to explore the following aspects: similar views on yin-yang and the five elements shared by Yi and Hongfan, the inevitable integration of Yi and Hongfan caused by the thriving development of the latter, the discussion of natural calamities presented by the five elements and He-Lou diagrams, the new interpretation of Yi and Hongfan proposed by Chen Tuan and his followers, and the new interpretation of Yi and Hongfan made with Fanshu through the combination of numbers and philosophical ideas. Adopting a macro perspective, the study will also discuss the academic contexts from which the trend of integration of Yi and Hongfan arises, investigate the concrete contents of the phenomenon of integration, establish potential relationships and give an indication of their significance in the history of Yixue.