港口優惠費率吸引綠色船舶靠泊──以高雄港為例

Price Incentive to Promote Green Shipping - A Case Study of the Kaohsiung Port

本研究以高雄港為案例分析，評估港口給予綠色獎勵效果，分析獎勵措施能否提高航商投資綠色技術意願，從而增加綠色船舶靠泊，以達到綠色港口政策目標。本研究設計三種獎勵措施，採現金流量折現法進行財務評估，結果顯示僅安裝SCR系統，港口費折扣比率至少需達70%，才可有效提高航商投資意願，若給予同時安裝SCR及閉環式洗滌器系統獎勵，燃油節省收入可提高投資意願，在改裝LNG發動機系統獎勵措施方面，由於LNG價格低廉，即使無獎勵仍具投資吸引力。分析顯示燃油溢價是影響投資意願的要因，然而本研究方法未納入其他投資風險及不確定，可能低估潛在投資成本，港口欲鼓勵替代燃料，除透過獎勵誘因，亦須協助降低使用該替代燃料時可能產生的不確定性。

Kaohsiung port is investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of the incentive plans on green shipping practices and this study aims to find whether the incentive could be an additional driver for the shipping companies to invest in green technology. Three abatement technologies were chosen to implement price incentive plans. The financial assessment is supported by a discount cash flow method to calculate the potential effect of introducing price incentive plans. The results indicate that the port tariff rebate rate should be at least a 70% discount to stimulate more SCR installation. Integrating the SCR + Scrubber makes the investment profitable due to the potential fuel cost-saving generated from installing Scrubber. Without port tariff-based incentives, the low LNG price is able to make the retrofitting LNG-powered system attractive. However, the limitations of the pure financial assessment underestimate the uncertainty and possible operation risk. The port authority needs to fulfill its strategic role in the possible maritime energy transition by eliminating the risk and uncertainty besides the provision of financial support.