緊張因素、依附關係、自我控制與青少年偏差行為關聯性之研究

The Empirical Study on Correlations among Strain, Attachment, Self-control, and Adolescent Deviant Behavior

本研究以Agnew（1992）一般化緊張理論（A General Strain Theory, GST）為基礎，探討青少年的緊張因素、依附關係、自我控制與其偏差行為間之關聯性。冀以Agnew的一般化緊張理論為主要理論架構，嘗試為青少年偏差行為提供一個更為完整的解釋模式。本研究採用自陳問卷調查法，以便利抽樣方式，選取南投縣四所國、高中共300名學生為研究對象，將所得資料以描述性統計、皮爾森積差相關法、階層迴歸分析等統計方法處理與分析。本研究結果發現：（1）青少年經歷的緊張事件（負面生活事件、日常生活困擾、負面人際關係、家庭生活困擾及被害經驗）愈多，其參與的偏差行為程度也愈高。（2）青少年與主要照顧者依附關係愈佳，其參與的偏差行為程度也愈低。（3）依附關係對於緊張因素及偏差行為之間的關係，達到顯著的調節效果。（4）青少年自我控制能力愈佳，其參與的偏差行為程度也愈低。（5）自我控制對於緊張因素及偏差行為之間的關係，達到顯著的調節效果。最後，本研究根據研究結果進行討論並提出建議，以供家庭、學校等層面及未來研究參考。

The study is based on Agnew’s (1992) General Strain Theory (GST), which explores the relationship between strain, attachment, self-control and deviant behaviors of adolescents. The study utilizes the method of self-report questionnaire survey. Adopting convenience sampling, subjects consist of 300 students from four secondary schools in Nantou City. Statistical analyses used in this study include descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression. The results of this study find that: (a) the more strain (negative life events, daily disturbances, negative interpersonal relationships, family life disturbances, and victimization experiences) experienced by the adolescents, the higher degree of their deviant behaviors. (b) the better attachment the adolescents have with the main caregivers, the lower the degree of deviant behaviors they engage in. (c) the attachment has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between strain and deviant behaviors. (d) the higher levels of self-control the adolescents have, the lower degree of deviant behaviors they participate in. (e) self-control has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between strain and deviant behaviors. Finally, based on the aforementioned findings, the possible explanations for these findings and the ensuing implications are discussed in this study. Moreover, relevant suggestions that could be a reference for family, school and the future researches are proposed.