安卓生態系的世代轉移中智慧型手機廠商的新產品開發表現：深化舊技術更能有效探索新技術

The Smartphone Manufacturers’New Product Development Performance in the Generation Transition of Android Ecosystem: Exploiting Old Technologies to Enhance the Effects of Exploring New Technologies

本研究分析在谷歌(Google)（係一平台廠商）主導的安卓生態系 (Android Ecosystem)（係一平台基礎生態系，Platform-based Ecosystem）中，11家智慧型手機廠商（互補財廠商） 從Éclair Android 2.1至Android 10.0之間，共10次安卓版本的世代轉換過程中之新產品開發表現。本研究的分析結果顯示，智慧型手機廠商對舊世代安卓作業系統所進行的深化性學習 (Exploitative Learning)，以及對新世代安卓作業系統進行的探索性學習 (Explorative Learning)，皆有效地提升了智慧型手機廠商在世代轉換中新產品開發的表現。除此之外，智慧型手機廠商對舊世代安卓作業系統所進行的深化性學習之程度越高，對新世代作業系統進行探索性學習以提高新產品開發的表現程度將會越好。本研究補足了平台基礎生態系理論中互補財廠商學習的雙面性 (Ambidexterity) 與新產品開發表現等相關討論，並且補足了開放源軟體的研究中對於企業貢獻與新產品開發表現的討論，提供了新觀點進一步釐清企業在使用開放源軟體的策略與相關表現。

This research analyzes the new product development performance of 11 smartphone manufacturers (i.e. complementors) in a total of 10 generation transitions from Éclair Android 2.1 to Android 10.0 in the Android ecosystem (i.e. platform-based ecosystem) of Google (also known as platform vendors). My analysis results show that both the exploitative learning in the old generation and the explorative learning in the new generation of Android operating systems have effectively improved smartphone manufacturers’ new product developments. In addition, the higher the degree of exploitative learning in the old generation, the more effective it is to increase the positive impact of explorative learning in the new generation on the smartphone manufacturers’ new product development performance. This research supplements earlier studies in the discussions about the ambidexterity of complementors and the performance of new product development in the platform-based ecosystem theory.