暴露於懸浮微粒下最佳運動時間之選擇：先驅研究

The Choice of the Best Exercise Time in Particulate Matter Air Pollution: An Observational Pilot Study

在臺灣83%的運動民眾最常從事的運動類型為「戶外休閒運動」，但在不良空氣品質下運動會對人們健康造成危害；而空氣品質監測站通常設在距離地面12-15公尺，其空污指數及暴露量遠低於民眾實際的吸入量，為避免民眾在空氣品質不佳的環境下活動，因此本觀察型之先驅研究以文獻探究空污對運動與健康的影響外，也想觀察與實際探討細懸浮微粒（PM2.5）早、中、晚時段的濃度分布趨勢，希冀藉此提出最佳的運動時間。研究方法：將一天時間分為早、中、晚三個時段以Fidas®Frog儀器測量室內健身房及操場細懸浮微粒PM2.5和懸浮微粒PM10濃度分布。結果：在關閉窗戶及空調下的室內健身房懸浮微粒濃度皆沒有超過標準值；而室外操場接近中午時，原本超標或較高的PM濃度因有陽光暴曬而逐漸趨於日標準值或降低，但晚上雖會再次升高但不會超過日標準值或早上數值。結論與臨床應用：經測量結果顯示室內健身房不論是下午還是晚上PM值均低於環保署的日標準值；而室外操場早上及接近中午皆較高或超過日標準值，下午及晚上較低或低於日標準值。因此在從事劇烈運動前應該考慮PM2.5濃度及慎選運動時間；在學校運動時應該盡量選擇在傍晚/晚上時段或室內空間進行運動，以避免吸入過高PM所帶來的健康危害。

Background: In Taiwan, 83% of sports people most commonly engage in “outdoor recreational sports,” but poor air quality harms their health. The air quality of particulate matter (PM) is generally monitored using equipment located 12-15 meters from the ground, where the exposure index and level are much lower than the actual inhalation of people. To avoid activities in an environment with poor air quality, this observational pilot study integrated literature regarding the impact of air pollution on exercise and health; it also monitored and observed the concentration distribution of suspended particulates throughout morning, noon, and evening. Method: The concentration levels of PM2.5 and PM10 were measured using the Fidas®Frog equipment during the morning, noon, and evening/night in indoor gyms and outdoor sports field. Result: The concentration of suspended PM in indoor gyms with closed windows and air-conditioning did not exceed the standard value; while outdoor, before noon, the PM concentration that initially exceeded the standard gradually approached the standard/warning value due to sunlight, and rose again at night, but did not exceed the standard value. Conclusions and clinical applications: The results of this pilot study show that indoor PM values are lower than the daily standard/warning value of the Environmental Protection Agency. Outdoor PM values exceed the standard/ warning value in the morning/noon and are lower than the daily standard/warning value in the afternoon and evening. Therefore, the concentrations of PM2.5 and the time for exercise should be carefully considered before engaging in strenuous exercise to decrease the influences of health hazards. Moreover, it is recommended to exercise at school during the evening/at night or in indoor spaces to prevent the hazardous from high PM exposure.