以步行為導向之捷運站TOD都市設計準則建立與實證

Establishment and Validation of The Pedestrian-oriented TOD Urban Design Guidelines for MRT Station

近年都市發展中，以大眾運輸為導向（TOD） 的發展模式已成為發展主軸，而TOD 發展中最重視的為以人為尺度的步行環境，藉由改善步行環境來提升民眾前往場站之意願，故本研究欲建構以步行導向理念之捷運站TOD 都市設計指標架構，並建立客觀的評價標準，以做為後續TOD 都市設計指標之參考依據。研究進行主要透過彙整國內外相關文獻，初步整理出20 項考量TOD 建成環境之都市設計指標，邀請專家學者依序進行模糊德爾菲法，篩選出8 項指標，包含設置專用道、創造活動、人行道寬度、街道景觀、步行路線之連續程度、步行路線之平整程度、周圍商業行為及自明性等，並進行網路程序分析法獲得指標之權重，其中步行路線連續性獲得最高權重，往後在場站之都市設計應多加注重路線之連續性，後以臺北市中山捷運站及新北市板橋捷運站為實證基地，參考現況發展，並根據上述指標給予評分。經分析後得到板橋站於現況上較中山站更接近以步行為導向之TOD 之發展，其主要是因為新板特區計畫及全區都市設計審議影響，對於周遭景觀、空間配置及步行系統有完整之規劃，故藉由本研究所發展之TOD 都市設計指標評估，證實板橋站周圍較符合TOD 之以人為本的設計規劃概念。

Transport-oriented development (TOD) has become the axis of urban development in recent years. The most important aspect of TOD development is a pedestrian-oriented environment, which can enhance people’s willingness to travel to stations. This study develops a framework of pedestrianoriented urban design criteria for MRT stations and to establish objective evaluation criteria as a reference for subsequent TOD urban design criteria. The study collates domestic and international literature, identifies 20 urban design indicators for a TOD built environment, and invites experts and scholars to conduct a fuzzy Delphi method. The final eight selected indicators are exclusive lanes, creation of activities, pavement width, streetscape, continuity of pedestrian routes, smoothness of pedestrian routes, surrounding commercial behavior and self-explanation, and a network process analysis conducted to obtain the weights of the indicators. The highest weighting was given to the continuity of the pedestrian routes, indicating that more attention should be paid to the continuity of the routes when considering the urban design of TOD stations in the future. The results are validated using Zhongshan MRT Station in Taipei City and Banqiao MRT Station in New Taipei City. The current development is considered, and scores are given according to the above indicators. The analysis of the existing conditions confirms that the surroundings of Banqiao Station are more in line than Zhongshan Station with the TOD concept of people-oriented design and planning. This is mainly due to the impact of the New Banqiao District Project and the directions for the operation of urban design review, which has a comprehensive plan for the surrounding landscape, spatial configuration and pedestrian system.