法律如何調整不平等關係？

特定行業與領域的不平等關係催生了一系列傾斜保護型法，例如消費者保護法、勞動者保護法、個人資訊保護法。這類法律中公法屬性與私法屬性高度融合，以個人——社會——國家的三元框架擬制法律關係，在傾斜保護的同時維持社會與市場的有限自治。法律傾斜保護並非因為不平等關係本身而成立，而是因為特定行業與領域的不平等關係兼具互惠性與侵害性，同時具有社會治理與政治意義。在制度層面，傾斜保護型法可能面臨賦權無效、賦權被濫用、施加責任過嚴或不足等問題。應以信任為價值基礎，以協調聯動的“藥方”式策略調整不平等關係。傾斜保護型法可以為公私法二元劃分的困境提供新解釋，為規制理論、父愛主義與行為主義理論提供新視角，為法治提供兼具社會主義特殊性與全球普適性的新想像。

The unequal relationship in specific industries and fields has spawned a series of 'preferential protection' laws, such as consumer protection law, labor law and personal information protection law. Such laws embody the characteristics of high integration of public and private law and articulate legal relations in the ternary framework of 'individuals-society-state'. While trying to adjust the unequal relationship. it also tries to maintain social and market self-governance. The reason why these laws adopt the preferential protection mode is that the relationships in these specific industries are at the same time potentially reciprocal and invasive and such relationships have the significance of politics and public governance. The 'preferential protection' laws also face the problems of ineffective empowerment, abuse of rights exercise and overly strict or insufficient responsibility. For further improvement, they should take trust as the value basis and adjust the unequal relationships with the coordinated 'prescription' strategy. 'Preferential protection' laws can provide a new explanation for the dilemma of the public and private law distinction, a new perspective for regulation theory, paternalism and behaviorism, and a new imagination for the rule of law with both socialist particularity and global universality.