反壟斷法規制平臺剝削性濫用的爭議與抉擇

各司法轄區反壟斷法對是否規制剝削性濫用秉持不同的政策主張，平臺剝削性濫用行為則推動了上述政策主張的反思與探索。對各國（地區）規制平臺剝削性濫用反壟斷立法、執法、司法實踐的研究表明，為保障平臺經濟領域公平交易目標的實現，反壟斷法應對平臺剝削性濫用行為予以規制並秉承如下原則，即：在平臺反壟斷中，對剝削性濫用的規制不應改變反壟斷法規制濫用市場支配地位的重點仍是排他性濫用的共識；反壟斷法規制平臺剝削性濫用應恪守各司法轄區反壟斷法規制濫用行為的分析框架，且需要具備“顯著的不公平交易”的後果要件和“很難尋求其他法律救濟管道”的前提條件。建議我國現行《反壟斷法》第6條修訂為“具有市場支配地位的經營者，不得濫用市場支配地位，排除、限制競爭或顯著損害交易相對人的合法權益”。

Anti-monopoly laws in various jurisdictions have held different policy positions on whether to regulate exploitative abuse, and these behaviors conducted by platforms have driven the reflection and exploration of these policies. The research on anti-monopoly legislation, law enforcement and judicial practice of regulating exploitative abuse of platforms in various countries (regions) shows that regulating exploitative abuse of platforms should adhere to the following principles in order to ensure realization of the fair trade objective in the platform economy: ①Enforcing anti-monopoly law to platform, the regulation of exploitative abuse should not change the consensus that the focus of anti-monopoly law regarding regulating abuse of market dominance remains on exclusionary abuse. ②The regulation of exploitative abuse of platforms should follow the analytical framework of the abuse regulation by anti-monopoly law in each jurisdiction and it requires the consequential element of “significant unfair trading” and the prerequisite of“ difficulties in pursuing other legal remedies”. It is therefore proposed that Article 6 of the current China’s Anti-monopoly Law should be amended as follows: Operators with a dominant market position shall not abuse its market dominance to exclude or restrict competition, or to significantly damage the legitimate rights and interests of the trading counterparty.