警察行政調查之研究－以警察職權行使法第十四條為中心

A Study of the Police Administrative Investigation－Focus on Article 14 of the Police Authority Performing

系所名稱：法律研究所
學位別：碩士
畢業學年：96年
指導教授：林明鏘、王兆鵬
依據警察職權行使法第十四條，警察得通知人民到場調查，性質應為警察之行政調查，係指警察要求特定人於特定時間至特定地點報到，而對其進行調查、蒐集資訊之國家行為。而警察通知人民到場調查並非僅為警察行政調查、蒐集人民資訊之手段，更重要者，其中應包含對人民程序參與權之重要保障。使人民參與調查其資訊之程序，不但能保障人民之權利，亦得使警察所蒐集之資料獲得更趨於完整。並且，在警察通知人民到場之範疇內，警察通知人民到場調查，對人民基本權利產生干預，例如人身自由、資訊自決權及隱私權，故應有法律之明文規定，亦應有不自證己罪原則之適用。因此，本文擬將憲法原則加以具體化，明確提出警察通知人民到場調查之基本原則，且提出適當之要件，以此檢討現行警察職權行使法第十四條之規定，並對日後修法提出具體的建議，建構我國警察職權行使法中通知人民到場調查之制度。

According to Article 14 of the Police Authority Performing Act, the police are entitled to ask citizens to be present for investigation. Such regulation empowers the police to ask a particular citizen to be present for duty at a specific time and place, and it belongs to the administrative investigation power of the police. Based on the authorization of the country, the police can, under certain circumstances, question citizens and collect relevant information. However, asking citizens to be present should not be seen simply as a means to the police’s investigation and information collection, rather, it should embody the protection of the rights of citizens’ participation. Such participation not only can protect the rights of citizens, but also can assist the police’s investigation. In addition, although the police are entitled to ask citizens to be present, such acts would inevitably infringe citizens’ rights, such as freedom of movement, right to informational self-determination, and right to privacy, and thus should be proclaimed in the law and should apply to the principle of the privilege against self-incrimination. The aim of this paper is to reify the constitutional principles into applicable conditions of the investigations in which citizens are requested to be present. This paper will review the current regulations and conclude by generating concrete suggestions regarding the future revision of such law in order to improve the implementation of Article 14 of the Police Authority Performing Act.