跨國高等教育發展之政治與經濟觀點

The Development of Cross-Border Higher Education: Political and Economic Perspectives

跨國高等教育在全球化與知識經濟浪潮下，出現更多新型態的提供模式。為取得國際人才競爭優勢，藉由招募優秀學生，累積多元國家人力資本，以提供優渥獎學金、入學方案、交換學生等吸引策略，提升國際學生市場占有率。彈性的模式輸出各類高等教育商品，提供國際學生學位，擴大國家學術版圖與教育市場。在市場化競爭浪潮下，新型態的跨國教育採取私人企業的行銷策略，透過自由貿易、區域整合與科技輔助，讓高等教育跨越地理屏障，提供更為便利的教育服務與多樣化的教育商品，讓國際學生流動更趨市場化。本文旨在探討跨國教育發展的政治與經濟因素，以瞭解跨國高等教育的競爭動態。

The cross-border higher education had supplied many new programs to fit the change of globalization and knowledge economy. Nations recruit international talents to develop human capital and take advantages of competition. Most of institutes provide scholarship, unique programs, and strategies to attract foreign students for exploring market map. New cross-border higher education institutes use enterprise policy, free trade, regional collaboration, convenient services, and technological skills to expand the international market of higher education. This article aims at exploring the impact factors of political and economy to understand the competitive changes of cross-border higher education market.