社會團體工作的教學──在實作過程中督導學生反思與課程需求之研究

Social Group Work Course: A Research into Supervision of Students in Their Practical Work Experience and into The Needs of The Course

社會團體工作是社會工作三大方法之一，本次研究進行方式希望在課程規劃上除課堂講授外，並有實作練習。因此於第一學期先進行課堂講授及擬訂團體方案，第二學期開始則與北市某國中輔導室合作，讓學生將撰寫的團體計畫書直接到機構進行實作帶領團體。研究目的藉由學生到機構實作及參與課程和實作後的團體督導討論，並且邀請12位同學進行焦點團體的訪談，主要目的是藉由焦點團體方法針對團體工作課程以及團體帶領前與實作後的歷程進行督導，據以了解督導的系統在課程以及實作中，能為同學帶來的學習成效為何？並提供未來在社會團體工作教學上的建議。透過本次研究，實作能夠協助學生建立團體帶領各種技巧，更重要的是因著實作經驗，讓學生願意主動閱讀理論，加深對課程的興趣，並且學習到專業知識和技巧是透過不斷學習而產生結果，更重要是督導帶領課程與團體後的討論，能夠讓學生思考並強化能力；研究發現到實作能夠協助學生學習團體動力技巧的建構，尤其過程能夠將理論概念操作化，學生更表達對理論的興趣，專業更是從「做」而累積下的能力，最後相當重要是「督導」系統介入對學生學習產生重要興趣的過程，並且增強學生的能力。在未來社會團體工作課程的規劃上，「做中學」對培養學生學習歷程來說是重要的，另外，在實作過程上，社會工作督導的角色，更是協助學生培養技巧上，重要的觸媒因子，建議任課老師能夠與實務機構共同合作規劃社會團體工作的實作練習，讓同學能夠順利接軌工作場域。

Social group work is one of the three major techniques in social work. This course includes lectures in the classroom. The first semester will introduce the course and practice in the group project. The second semester, we will work with the counseling and guidance center of certain high schools in Taipei City. Students will write their group plans and lead groups directly.The purpose of the research is to see how our supervision system can help our students, to see the effects in students’practice. This includes: student practice at the various organizations, teacher supervision of the students when they participate in the class and after their practice, and also to invite 12 students to interview a target group. Knowledge of our supervision system through research can help our students achieve their learning outcomes. The supervision system involves the processes of the target group method with the course lecture of the group work and with the supervision before the group leading exercise and after the practice. Moreover, we can also provide some suggestions toward teaching social group work in the future.Through this research, and with practice, we can help students build up various skills in leading groups. More important is through the experience of practice, students are more willing to read theories, gain more interest in this course, and learn that if they want to have professional knowledge and skills, results are gained through non-stop learning. The most important thing is supervision, which leads students to think independently and strengthen their abilities.The study found out that practice helps students build up their skills of leading groups. They can particularly apply the theories to their practice through the learning process. Students show their interests in the theories. To show their profession is by“doing”after they accumulate experience. Finally, the most important is intergrating our“supervising”system, which is the procedure of increasing students’interests, and also enhancing students’abilities.In the future of planning social group work,“learning by doing”is important to build up students’learning processes. Furthermore, in the process of practice, the role of the social worker’s supervisor is a trigger to help students develop their skills. To help our students integrate with their future working fields smoothly, we recommend teachers should cooperate with practical organizations to plan our students’social group work together.